Fig. 11.22 (Part 2) (c) Weld metal: grain-boundary region. 1% nital. 100×. (d) Weld metal: center of a grain. 1% nital. 100×. More

Fig. 11.26 (Part 2) (e) Weld metal, grain-refined pass. 1% nital. 100×. (f) Weld metal, grain-refined pass. Picral. 1000×. (a) and (h) Weld metal: 0.11C-0.14Si-1.01 Mn (wt%). Butt weld made in seven passes in 14 mm plate. (g) Weld metal, as-deposited pass. 1% nital. 100×. (h) Weld More

Fig. 5 Weld metal forming a corrosion cell on steel. Weld metal may be anodic to steel, creating a corrosion cell when immersed. More

Fig. 11.21 Electroslag weld low oxygen content. Weld metal: 0.20C-0.22Si-1.08Mn. Single-pass weld in 25 mm plate. (a) Weld region; longitudinal section. 3% nital. 1×. (b) Weld metal. 215 HV. Arrow indicates large area of bainite. (c) Weld metal. 215 HV. Arrow indicates large area More

Fig. 11.22 (Part 1) Electroslag butt weld in 0.2% C 50 mm thick plate. Weld metal: 0.16C-0.37Si-0.90Mn (wt%). (a) # Transverse section. 3% nital. 1.25×. (b) Weld metal. 170 HV. 1% nital. 1 O×. (c) Weld metal: grain-boundary region. 1% nital. 100×. (d) Weld metal: center of a grain. 1 More

Fig. 11.23 Electroslag butt weld in 0.15% C 50 mm thick plate. Weld metal: 0.16C-0.37Si-0.90Mn (wt%). (a) and (b) Weld metal, as deposited. 170 HV. Picral. 1000×. (c) and (d) Weld metal, after weldment has been austenitized at 925 °C and cooled at 500 °C/h. 125 HV. (c) 1% nital. 100 More

Fig. 11.28 (Part 3) (g) Shape of the weld pool formed in an electron-beam weld. Metal flows down the front of the weld pool and then in the direction of the arrows after the weld pool has passed. After Ref 20 . More

Fig. 9 Pitting of underalloyed (relative to the base metal) type 308L weld metal. The type 316L stainless steel base metal is unaffected. About 2.5× More

Fig. 12 Pitting of underalloyed (relative to base metal) type 308L weld metal. The type 316L stainless steel base metal is unaffected. About 2.5× More

Fig. 20 Chloride SCC of type 304 stainless steel base metal and type 308 weld metal in an aqueous chloride environment at 95 °C (200 °F). Cracks are branching and transgranular. More

Fig. 9 Pitting corrosion resistance of base metal relative to weld metal placed in 6 wt % FeCl 3 solution for 24 h duration per ASTM 648 (method A). Source: Ref 14 More

Fig. 22 Pitting corrosion resistance of base metal relative to weld metal placed in 6 wt% FeCI 3 solution for 24 h per ASTM G 48 (method A). Source: Ref 35 More

Fig. 11.10 (a) Crack in electron-beam-welded aluminum alloy Al-6061 (right: weld metal; left: parent metal). (b) Crack-free electron beam weld in Al-6082 alloy made with cold-sprayed buttering layer using Al-4041 alloy. Source: Ref 11.15 . Courtesy of TWI Ltd. More

Fig. 11.24 (Part 2) (d) Heat-affected zone in weld metal. 150 HV. Picral. 250×. (e) Heat-affected zone in weld metal. 150 HV. Picral. 1000×. (f) Weld interface. Picral. 250×. (g) Heat-affected zone in parent metal, adjacent to weld interface. 160 HV. Picral. 1000×. More

Fig. 11.25 (Part 2) (d) Weld metal, inner region of outer pass. 210 HV. 1% nital. 100×. (e) Weld metal, inner region of outer pass. 210 HV. 1% nital 500×. (f) Weld metal, heat-affected zone of an inner pass. 215 HV. 1% nital. 100×. (g) Weld metal, heat-affected zone of an inner pass More

Fig. 7.15 Acicular ferrite in low-carbon weld metal. Light micrograph, nital etch. Original magnification: 500×. Courtesy of S. Liu, Colorado School of Mines More

Fig. 14.40 Microstructure of the weld metal deposited by SAW using S3Ni-Mo1 wire (DIN EN ISO 14171-A S3Ni1Mo similar to AWS A5.23 EF3, EF3N uncoppered) and OP41TT flux. Weld subjected to stress relief heat treatment. (1) Acicular ferrite. (2) Grain boundary ferrite. (3) Ferrite with aligned More

Fig. 16.22 Microstructural evolution of a weld metal containing Cr = 19% and Ni = 11% during solidification. Solidification was performed by quenching in liquid tin. Left of the image: the steel that was liquid when quenched. The dendrites grow as ferrite (δ) from the liquid. Later, austenite More

Fig. 8 A scratch-initiated pit formed in type 317L weld metal at 190 mV versus SCE in 0.6 N NaCl (pH 3) at 50 °C (120 °F). Pitting occurred at a grain with primary dendrites lying parallel to the surface rather than in grains with dendrites oriented at an angle to the surface. More

Fig. 10 Crevice corrosion under residual slag (S) in IN-135 weld metal after bleach plant exposure. Etched with glycergia. Source: Ref 5 More