Search Results for vacuum furnaces

This chapter discusses vacuum furnace processes and their design. The chapter focuses on the pressure levels, heating elements, pumping systems, temperature control systems, and quenching systems in vacuum furnaces. It then details specific applications of vacuum heat treating.

Furnaces for heat treatment of tool steels include ceramic-lined salt bath furnaces, vacuum furnaces, controlled-atmosphere furnaces, and fluidized-bed furnaces. This chapter describes the classification, operating principles, application, advantages, and disadvantages of each type of furnace.

This chapter, a detailed account of furnaces and related equipment for heat treating, begins by describing three basic modes of heat transmission, namely conduction, convection, and radiation, followed by a discussion on the working principle, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of furnaces classified based on the heat transfer medium employed. The types of furnaces covered are batch-type, continuous-type, liquid bath, fluidized bed, and vacuum. The subsequent sections provide information on furnace parts, fixtures, quenching mediums, and quenching systems. The final section of the chapter describes the types of atmospheres available, emphasizing their applications and limitations.