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Search Results for spheroidizing
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.spsp2.t54410277
EISBN: 978-1-62708-265-5
... This chapter describes heat treatments that produce uniform grain structures, reduce residual stresses, and improve ductility and machinability. It also discusses spheroidizing treatments that improve strength and toughness by promoting dispersions of spherical carbides in a ferrite matrix...
Abstract
This chapter describes heat treatments that produce uniform grain structures, reduce residual stresses, and improve ductility and machinability. It also discusses spheroidizing treatments that improve strength and toughness by promoting dispersions of spherical carbides in a ferrite matrix. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion on the mechanical properties of ferrite/pearlite microstructures in medium-carbon steels.
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in Conventional Heat Treatment—Basic Concepts
> Metallography of Steels: Interpretation of Structure and the Effects of Processing
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 10.3 Hyper-eutectoid steel subjected to spheroidizing annealing. Cementite in globules in a ferritic matrix. Etchant: nital.
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in Metallurgy of Steels and Related Boiler Tube Materials
> Failure Investigation of Boiler Tubes: A Comprehensive Approach
Published: 01 December 2018
Fig. 3.29 Temperature range for spheroidizing. Source: Ref 3.15
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Published: 31 December 2020
Fig. 14 Schematic diagrams showing various methods of spheroidizing with relation to critical heating temperatures. Holding time must be limited.
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Published: 31 December 2020
Fig. 15 Isothermal method of spheroidizing. Note the long hold time after transformation has been completed.
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Published: 31 December 2020
Fig. 16 Effect of prior microstructure on spheroidizing a 1040 steel at 700 °C (1290 °F) for 21 hours. (a) Starting from a martensitic microstructure (as-quenched). (b) Starting from a ferrite-pearlite microstructure (fully annealed). Etched in 4% picral plus 2% nital. Original magnification
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in Alteration of Microstructure
> Metallographer’s Guide: Practices and Procedures for Irons and Steels
Published: 01 March 2002
Fig. 3.18 Iron-carbon equilibrium diagram showing region (shaded) of spheroidizing temperatures
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.lmcs.t66560165
EISBN: 978-1-62708-291-4
... Abstract A spheroidized structure, which consists of spherically shaped cementite in a matrix of ferrite, is often desired in the production of steel, whether to improve properties, such as machinability and ductility, or accommodate subsequent hardening treatments. This chapter discusses...
Abstract
A spheroidized structure, which consists of spherically shaped cementite in a matrix of ferrite, is often desired in the production of steel, whether to improve properties, such as machinability and ductility, or accommodate subsequent hardening treatments. This chapter discusses the spheroidization of normalized and annealed steels by heating at subcritical temperatures. It explains how lamellar pearlite and proeutectoid cementite transform when heated and how deformation prior to heating affects both the mechanism and kinetics of spheroidization. It also explains how austenitizing contributes to the production of spheroidal transformation products and why secondary graphitization sometimes occurs.
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in Annealing, Normalizing, Martempering, and Austempering
> Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
Published: 01 December 1996
Fig. 7-12 Difference in spheroidization of a steel if the spheroidization anneal begins with (a) martensite and (b) primary ferrite and pearlite. (From same source as Fig. 7-5 )
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in Sintering and Corrosion Resistance
> Powder Metallurgy Stainless Steels: Processing, Microstructures, and Properties
Published: 01 June 2007
Fig. 5.28 Spheroidal SiO 2 particles formed on 316L part on cooling. Source: Ref 13
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in Conventional Heat Treatment—Basic Concepts
> Metallography of Steels: Interpretation of Structure and the Effects of Processing
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 10.4 Steel containing C = 0.5% spheroidized for 15 cycles between 650 and 750 °C (1200 and 1380 °F), in 85 min. Spheroidized cementite in small globules in a ferritic matrix. Etchant: nital.
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in Conventional Heat Treatment—Basic Concepts
> Metallography of Steels: Interpretation of Structure and the Effects of Processing
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 10.18 Hyper-eutectoid steel spheroidized and normalized. Cementite globules in a ferritic matrix. The austenitizing cycle in the normalizing treatment was not sufficient to completely dissolve the globular cementite. Etchant: nital.
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in Conventional Heat Treatment—Basic Concepts
> Metallography of Steels: Interpretation of Structure and the Effects of Processing
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 10.70 Central region of the bearing part in Fig. 10.68 . Spheroidized microstructure. Carbides in a ferritic matrix. Etchant: nital 3%. Courtesy of D. Lober. Source: Ref 26
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Published: 01 September 2005
Fig. 33 Spheroidal graphite in an unetched ductile iron matrix shown at 75× (a) and in the etched (picral) condition shown at 300× (b). Etching reveals that the matrix consists of ferritic envelopes around the graphite nodules (bull’s-eye structure) surrounded by a pearlitic matrix.
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Published: 01 September 2005
Fig. 35 Austempered ductile iron structure consisting of spheroidal graphite in a matrix of bainitic ferritic plates (dark) and interplate austenitic (white)
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in Annealing, Normalizing, Martempering, and Austempering
> Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
Published: 01 December 1996
Fig. 7-10 The microstructure of a typical spheroidization annealed steel. (From same source as Fig. 7-5 )
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in Annealing, Normalizing, Martempering, and Austempering
> Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
Published: 01 December 1996
Fig. 7-14 Schematic illustration of the heat treatment used to produce a spheroidized structure by cycling the temperature of the part about the eutectoid temperature
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Published: 01 December 2018
Fig. 6.42 Structures at a glance: (a) normal pearlitic, 200×; (b) spheroidized, 100×; (c) graphitized, 100×
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