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slow-strain-rate testing
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Published: 01 December 2015
Fig. 3 Strain to failure plots resulting from slow strain rate testing. (a) Ductility of two alloys is measured by elongation, reduction in area, or fracture energy in the aggressive environment and an inert reference environment. (b) Schematic of typical ductility ratio of the effects
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in Mechanisms of Stress-Corrosion Cracking[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 1.3 Strain-to-failure plots resulting from slow-strain-rate testing. (a) Schematic of typical ductility vs. strain-rate behavior of two different types of alloys tested by the slow-strain-rate technique. (b) Schematic of the ductility ratio vs. strain-rate behavior of two different types
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in Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Nickel-Base Alloys[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 5.33 Results of slow-strain-rate tests in alkaline 1.148M bicarbonate environment containing 1.5M NaCl of alloys (a) 201, (b) 800H, (c) 600, and (d) C-22. Source: Ref 5.166
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in Evaluation of Stress-Corrosion Cracking[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
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in Evaluation of Stress-Corrosion Cracking[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 17.37 Macrographs of two carbon steel specimens after slow-strain-rate tests conducted at a strain rate of 25 × 10 −6 s −1 and 80 °C (180 °F). The ductility ratio in this example was 0.74 (original diameter: 2.54 mm, or 0.10 in.). (Left) ductile fracture in oil. (Right) SCC in carbonate
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Published: 01 December 2004
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sccmpe2.t55090367
EISBN: 978-1-62708-266-2
... strain, plastic strain, and residual stress responses. It also describes the difference between smooth and precracked specimens and how they are used, provides information on slow-strain-rate testing and how to assess the results, and discusses various test environments and procedures, including tests...
Abstract
This chapter addresses the challenge of selecting an appropriate stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) test to evaluate the serviceability of a material for a given application. It begins by establishing a generic model in which SCC is depicted in two stages, initiation and propagation, that further subdivide into several zones plus a transition region. It then discusses SCC test standards before describing basic test objectives and selection criteria. The chapter explains how to achieve the required loading conditions for different tests and how to prepare test specimens to determine elastic strain, plastic strain, and residual stress responses. It also describes the difference between smooth and precracked specimens and how they are used, provides information on slow-strain-rate testing and how to assess the results, and discusses various test environments and procedures, including tests for weldments. The chapter concludes with a section on how to interpret time to failure, threshold stress, percent survival, stress intensity, and propagation rate data, and assess the precision of the associated tests.
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Published: 01 December 2001
Fig. 8 Stress at fracture versus strain rate in slow-strain-rate SCC tests of AZ91. The specimens were partially immersed in distilled water. Strain was controlled with a linear ramp to maintain the desired strain rate. Source: Ref 11
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Published: 01 July 2000
Fig. 7.78 Stress corrosion potential ranges of pipeline steel in hydroxide, carbonate-bicarbonate, and nitrate solutions in slow strain-rate test. Strain rate: 2.5 × 10 –6 s –1 . Arrows indicate open circuit corrosion potentials for each environment. Redrawn from Ref 68
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in Irradiation-Assisted Stress-Corrosion Cracking[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 6.14 Comparison of predicted and observed crack growth rates for stainless steels irradiated in a BWR at 288 °C (550 °F) to various fluences. Notched tensile specimens were slow-strain-rate tested by Ljungberg ( Ref 6.58 , 6.62 ) in 288 °C (550 °F) pure water Source: Ref 6.1
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in Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Copper Alloys[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 7.16 Effects of grain diameter and solution pH on the stress required to initiate cracking of α brass in Mattsson’s solution in slow-strain-rate tests. Source: Ref 7.49
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Published: 01 December 2006
Fig. 19 Plot showing the effect of potential on cracking severity in controlled-potential slow strain rate testing of digester steels exposed to a simulated impregnation zone liquor. SCE, saturated calomel electrode
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in Evaluation of Stress-Corrosion Cracking[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 17.36 Nominal stress vs. elongation curves for carbon-manganese steel in slow-strain-rate test in boiling 4 N NaNO 3 and in oil at the same temperature. Source: Ref 17.58
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Published: 01 July 2000
Fig. 7.80 Effects of applied potential upon time-to-failure ratio in slow strain rate tests of low-alloy ferritic steels in boiling 8.75 N NaOH (see Fig. 7.79 for compositions of alloys). Redrawn from Ref 116 , 117
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in Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Nickel-Base Alloys[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 5.20 (a) Time-temperature-transformation diagram for annealed (1010 °C, or 1850 °F) alloy 925. (b) Slow-strain-rate test results for hot rolled + annealed (1010 °C, or 1850 °F) + aged samples. Source: Ref 5.60
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in Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Copper Alloys[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 7.17 Effect of percent of cold work and phase (solution and vapor) on elongation of alloy C36000 in 15 N aqueous ammonia containing 6 g/L dissolved copper in slow-strain-rate tests (1.6 × 10 −5 /s). Source: Ref 7.54
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Published: 01 July 2000
Fig. 7.79 Effects of applied potential upon time-to-failure ratio in slow strain rate tests of low-alloy ferritic steels in 1 N Na 2 CO 3 + 1 N NaHCO 3 at 75 °C. C 2 (0.27% C carbon steel), Cr 2 (0.09% C, 1.75% Cr), Ni 4 (0.09% C, 6.05% Ni), and Mo 4 (0.10% C, 5.00% Mo). Redrawn from Ref
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in Irradiation-Assisted Stress-Corrosion Cracking[1]
> Stress-Corrosion Cracking: Materials Performance and Evaluation
Published: 01 January 2017
Fig. 6.2 Dependence of IASCC on fast neutron fluence for (a) creviced control-blade sheath in high-conductivity boiling water reactors (BWRs) ( Ref 6.6 ) and (b) as measured in slow-strain-rate tests at 3.7 × 10 −7 /s on preirradiated type 304 stainless steel in 288 °C (550 ° F) water ( Ref
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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sccmpe2.t55090221
EISBN: 978-1-62708-266-2
... noble potentials, which was attributed to excessive general corrosion of the specimen. Data by Alvarez et al. for annealed yellow brass tested by a slow-strain-rate technique in 1 M NaNO 2 are presented in Fig. 7.10 . In the tests, the free corrosion potential was approximately 0 V (NHE...
Abstract
This chapter describes the conditions under which copper-base alloys are susceptible to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) and some of the environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, and corrosion potential, that influence crack growth and time to failure. It explains that, although most of the literature has been concerned with copper zinc alloys in ammoniacal solutions, there are a number of alloy-environment combinations where SCC has been observed. The chapter discusses several of these cases and the effect of various application parameters, including composition, microstructure, heat treatment, cold working, and stress intensity. It also provides information on stress-corrosion testing, mitigation techniques, and basic cracking mechanisms.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sccmpe2.t55090443
EISBN: 978-1-62708-266-2
.... ASTM G58-85(2011): Standard practice for preparation of stress-corrosion test specimens for weldments. ASTM G129-00(2013): Standard practice for slow strain rate testing to evaluate the susceptibility of metallic materials to environmentally assisted cracking. ASTM G158-00(2013): Standard...
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