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Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.omfrc.t53030043
EISBN: 978-1-62708-349-2
... Abstract Rough grinding and polishing of mounted specimens are required to prepare the composite sample for optical analysis. This chapter describes these techniques for preparing composite materials. First, it provides information on grinding and polishing equipment and describes the processes...
Image
Published: 01 November 2010
Fig. 6.5 Photograph of a sacrificial hand vise used for rough and fine grinding the second face of the sample More
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.omfrc.t53030115
EISBN: 978-1-62708-349-2
... specimens of fiber-reinforced polymeric composites for examination by transmitted-light microscopy techniques. The preparation steps covered are a selection of the rough section, preparation of the rough section for preliminary mounting, grinding and polishing the primary-mount first surface, mounting...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.omfrc.t53030067
EISBN: 978-1-62708-349-2
... with the mounting resin and cured with the application of pressure. The mounted specimen can then be ground and polished as described in Chapter 3, “Rough Grinding and Polishing,” in this book. Preparation of other metallic honeycomb-cored composites will benefit from this technique as well as thin-walled ribbed...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 September 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.gmpm.t51250089
EISBN: 978-1-62708-345-4
... of gears. bevel gears cutting finishing gear lapping grinding helical gears hobbing hobbing machines honing machining milling spur gears METAL REMOVAL processes for gear manufacture can be grouped into two general categories: Rough machining (or gear cutting) operations...
Image
Published: 01 September 2005
, mm (in.) 349 (13¾) OD Form Diamond dressed Operating conditions Machine Gear grinding, rack type Speed, at 1850 rev/min, m/min (sfm) 2030 (6650) Infeed per pass  Roughing, mm (in.) 0.030 (0.0012)  Finishing, mm (in.) 0.020 (0.0008) Axial feed  Roughing, mm More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mfub.t53740213
EISBN: 978-1-62708-308-9
... Abstract This chapter covers the practical aspects of machining, particularly for turning, milling, drilling, and grinding operations. It begins with a discussion on machinability and its impact on quality and cost. It then describes the dimensional and surface finish tolerances that can...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230199
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
... and the mounted specimen in the other hand. While the grinding is being done, several drops of kerosene are applied every few seconds close to the center of the disc. Light oils and water are not satisfactory for the finer grinding operations. Wet rough grinding holds and carries away dust generated during...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cmp.t66770199
EISBN: 978-1-62708-337-9
... max is ~4 μm. Fig. 8.17 Effect of surface roughness on the surface durability of surface-hardened gears (P max /HB - R max curves). Source: Ref 23 The presence of grinding burns might not have much effect in pure rolling contact situations, because the main stresses are subsurface...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.stg2.t61280189
EISBN: 978-1-62708-267-9
... high wheel wear and low G -ratios. For rough grinding, however, conditions can be selected to give higher G -ratios. Rough grinding conditions should not produce grinding cracks. Wrought superalloys usually can be handled in a manner to prevent this phenomenon, but the high-strength, cast nickel-base...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1984
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mpp.t67850060
EISBN: 978-1-62708-260-0
... Abstract This chapter explains how to prepare metallographic samples for light microscopy and how to anticipate and avoid related problems. It describes standard practices and procedures for sectioning, mounting, grinding, and polishing and identifies common defects along with their causes...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mfadr7.t91110391
EISBN: 978-1-62708-247-1
... during grinding and rough polishing. The newer dielectric materials are not mechanically strong and will separate under tension, introducing a defect in the sample. Grit Size Grinding papers and films are specified in grit sizes, which refer to the size of the particles on the paper/film. “Grit...
Book Chapter

By Alfred Goldberg, Dennis Floyd
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230339
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
... Beryllium is readily machinable. Excellent surface finishes and close tolerances can be obtained with the fine-grained beryllium produced from powders. By contrast, machined surfaces of cast beryllium are typically rough due to the coarse-grained structure of as-cast beryllium. Although beryllium...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pnfn.t65900167
EISBN: 978-1-62708-350-8
... samples and not multisampling. Hardness testing requires a polished, unscratched surface. This necessitates pregrinding. The pregrind involves an initial rough grind using 180-grit silicon carbide paper followed by intermediate pregrinding steps using 320-, 400-, and 500-grit papers. Do not spend too much...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mgppis.t60400169
EISBN: 978-1-62708-258-7
... to remove a metallographic specimen from a larger component. However, the saw-cut surface is very rough, and further preparation by hand grinding is required to remove the roughness and cold work. The hacksaw can be used to remove a portion of material from a larger piece, possibly located in the service...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.msisep.t59220069
EISBN: 978-1-62708-259-4
... roughness, the factors that contribute to it, and its effect on image quality. It discusses the use of fixturing and holding devices, includes photographic examples of polishing defects and drying marks, and provides an overview of micrographic etchants and the features they reveal. It also describes...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ttg2.t61120313
EISBN: 978-1-62708-269-3
... Abstract This appendix provides an extensive amount of data corresponding to titanium machining processes, including sawing, turning, drilling, reaming, tapping, broaching, face milling, end milling, slotting, surface grinding, and thermal cutting. machining data titanium titanium...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.secwr.t68350195
EISBN: 978-1-62708-315-7
... to the various surface-engineering treatments. Surface finish characteristics of various surface-engineering processes Table 2 Surface finish characteristics of various surface-engineering processes Process As-treated surface finish Normal finishing operation Overlays Very rough Grind...
Book Chapter

By Jim Colvin, Christopher Colvin
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mfadr7.t91110153
EISBN: 978-1-62708-247-1
... standards can vary, and if not specified correctly, can result in a no-bid contract for the work, due to the extreme difficulty imposed, or work not completed to customer satisfaction. Figure 30 shows various surface finish types. Grinding steps create a non-flat rough surface while polishing steps...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ttg2.t61120079
EISBN: 978-1-62708-269-3
... and cutting processes. Conventional machining methods include turning, face milling, peripheral end milling, and climb cutting; drilling; tapping; reaming; wheel grinding, belt grinding, abrasive cutting, and hand abrasive grinding; hack sawing; and band sawing. Widely used nontraditional methods include...