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1-20 of 1972
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Book Chapter
Transformation of Austenite and Quenching of Steel
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtbp.t59310055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-326-3
... Abstract The decomposition of austenite, during controlled cooling or quenching, produces a wide variety of microstructures in response to such factors as steel composition, temperature of transformation, and cooling rate. This chapter provides a detailed discussion on the isothermal...
Abstract
The decomposition of austenite, during controlled cooling or quenching, produces a wide variety of microstructures in response to such factors as steel composition, temperature of transformation, and cooling rate. This chapter provides a detailed discussion on the isothermal transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams that characterize the conditions that produce the various microstructures. It discusses the mechanism and process variables of quenching of steel, explaining the factors involved in the mechanism of quenching. In addition, the chapter provides information on the causes and characteristics of residual stresses, distortion, and quench cracking of steel.
Book Chapter
Quenching
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.piht2.t55050139
EISBN: 978-1-62708-311-9
... Abstract This chapter discusses the quenching process and its adaptation to induction heat treating. It describes the three stages of quenching, the cooling characteristics of various types of quenchants, and the details of nearly a dozen compatible quenching methods. It also explains how...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the quenching process and its adaptation to induction heat treating. It describes the three stages of quenching, the cooling characteristics of various types of quenchants, and the details of nearly a dozen compatible quenching methods. It also explains how to verify whether a quenchant can cool a workpiece fast enough to achieve martensitic transformation without cracking or distortion.
Book Chapter
Steel Heat Treatment Failures due to Quenching
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 September 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.fahtsc.t51130255
EISBN: 978-1-62708-284-6
... Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the fundamental material- and process-related parameters of quenching on residual stress, distortion control, and cracking. It begins with a description of phase transformations during heating and quenching of steel. This is followed by a section...
Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the fundamental material- and process-related parameters of quenching on residual stress, distortion control, and cracking. It begins with a description of phase transformations during heating and quenching of steel. This is followed by a section on the effects of materials and quench process design on distortion of steel during heat treating. Details on stress raisers and their role in quench cracking are then presented. The chapter ends with various selected case histories of failures attributed to the quenching process.
Book Chapter
Quenching
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2007
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.smnm.t52140117
EISBN: 978-1-62708-264-8
... Abstract Quenching is a critical step in the production of hardened steel. This chapter untangles some of the complexities of the quenching process and its effect on the microstructure and properties of various steels. Making extensive use of cooling curves, it sheds light...
Abstract
Quenching is a critical step in the production of hardened steel. This chapter untangles some of the complexities of the quenching process and its effect on the microstructure and properties of various steels. Making extensive use of cooling curves, it sheds light on the transformations that occur at different cooling rates and the extent to which they can be changed by adjusting quench parameters. It discusses the role of quenching in martempering and austempering along with related problems such as cracking and distortion and the challenges posed by low-hardenability steels. It also discusses the use of various quenchants, including oil, polymer, and molten salt, and explains how to measure and compare their performance using a standard (ISO 9950) test.
Book Chapter
Quenching of Steels
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtpclas.t64560087
EISBN: 978-1-62708-353-9
... Abstract This chapter examines the cooling of steels from the austenite region. It describes the processes of determining the severity of quench. The chapter examines the methods to estimate the quench required if the size and shape of the part are known and the required cooling rate is known...
Abstract
This chapter examines the cooling of steels from the austenite region. It describes the processes of determining the severity of quench. The chapter examines the methods to estimate the quench required if the size and shape of the part are known and the required cooling rate is known. The cooling rate correlation is used to calculate the hardness distribution across the diameter of cylinders. The calculations are used to illustrate the sensitivity of the hardness distribution to the severity of quench and the hardenability. The chapter discusses the methods of determining cooling rates in quenched steel components. It describes the formation of residual stresses in materials in which no phase change occurs on cooling. The chapter also examines the effect on the residual stresses of the phase changes in austenite. It provides information on two types of quench cracks in quenched steels, namely, microcracking and gross cracking during quenching.
Image
Comparison of direct quenching and reheat and quenching of 10 cm (4 in.) di...
Available to Purchase
in Sources of Failures in Carburized and Carbonitrided Components
> Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 12 Comparison of direct quenching and reheat and quenching of 10 cm (4 in.) diameter AISI 8620 steel after oil quenching
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Book Chapter
Quench System Design
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.piht2.t55050335
EISBN: 978-1-62708-311-9
... Abstract This appendix discusses the sizing, scaling, and configuration requirements of the basic components in a quench cooling system, including tanks, pumps, hoses, and inlet and outlet fixtures and the materials from which they are made. quench cooling systems quench rings...
Abstract
This appendix discusses the sizing, scaling, and configuration requirements of the basic components in a quench cooling system, including tanks, pumps, hoses, and inlet and outlet fixtures and the materials from which they are made.
Image
Standard end-quench (Jominy) test specimen and method of quenching in quenc...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 18 Standard end-quench (Jominy) test specimen and method of quenching in quenching jig. Source: Ref 9
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Image
Batch-type multiple-purpose furnace that features an integral quenching sys...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 4 Batch-type multiple-purpose furnace that features an integral quenching system. Source: Ref 4
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Image
Published: 01 March 2006
Fig. 17 Temperature-controlled overflow tank for water quenching. Source: Ref 3
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Image
Schematic of a typical installation for high-volume batch quenching of carb...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 18 Schematic of a typical installation for high-volume batch quenching of carburized or hardened parts on trays. Directional vanes in the oil stream distribute the oil flow uniformly. Unit contains combined heating and cooling elements and provision for blanketing the surface of the oil
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Image
Microstructure of W1 tool steel after brine quenching from 790 °C (1450 °F)...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 1 Microstructure of W1 tool steel after brine quenching from 790 °C (1450 °F) and tempering at 175 °C (350 °F). Dark matrix is tempered martensite. A few undissolved particles of carbide are visible (white constituent). Hardness is 64 HRC. Source: Ref 1
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Image
Hardness vs. tempering temperature for W1 tool steel after brine quenching ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 3 Hardness vs. tempering temperature for W1 tool steel after brine quenching from 790 °C (1450 °F). Source: Ref 1
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Image
The quenching and partitioning (Q&P) cycle to produce structures with r...
Available to Purchase
in Advanced Steels for Forming Operations
> Metallography of Steels: Interpretation of Structure and the Effects of Processing
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 13.28 The quenching and partitioning (Q&P) cycle to produce structures with retained austenite, schematically presented. C i , C γ , C m are the carbon content, respectively, in the starting steel (average) in austenite and in martensite. QT= quenching stage, PT= partitioning stage
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Image
Effect of quenching temperature on the hardness-penetration curves for 90 m...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1998
Fig. 8-8 Effect of quenching temperature on the hardness-penetration curves for 90 mm (3½ in.) diam round bars of an L2 tool steel containing 1.0%C, 1.40%Cr, and 0.20% V. Data from Teledyne VASCO
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Image
Effect of austenitizing temperature and quenching medium on retained austen...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1998
Fig. 8-11 Effect of austenitizing temperature and quenching medium on retained austenite content and as-quenched hardness of an L2 steel containing 1.04% C, 1.54% Cr, and 0.20% V. Source: Ref 10
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Image
Combinations of quenching temperature and tempering temperature to produce ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1998
Fig. 13-42 Combinations of quenching temperature and tempering temperature to produce a hardness of 42 to 55 HRC in H21 steel. Torsional ductility and toughness are given by values of ultimate deformation (left size of band) and ultimate torque (right side of band). Courtesy of Teledyne VASCO
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Image
Dilatometer curves obtained upon quenching samples of a steel to the temper...
Available to Purchase
in The Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram and Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) Diagrams
> Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
Published: 01 December 1996
Fig. 2-15 Dilatometer curves obtained upon quenching samples of a steel to the temperatures noted, and holding to allow the austenite to transform to pearlite. These data are used to determine the start and finish time at each temperature for pearlite formation. The steel contained 0.30% C
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Image
(a) Schematic illustration of the three stages of cooling upon quenching a ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 1996
Fig. 4-1 (a) Schematic illustration of the three stages of cooling upon quenching a steel into a liquid. (b) Photographs of a cylinder quenched into a polymer quenchant, showing the three stages of cooling. ((a) from J. Bodin and S. Segerberg in Quenching and Distortion Control , G.E. Totten
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