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Zener-Smith pinning force and the number of pinning particles

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in Thermodynamics of Interfaces > Thermodynamics of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 5.24 Zener-Smith pinning force and the number of pinning particles More
Image

The retardation of grain growth by dispersed particles (the pinning effect ...

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in Thermodynamics of Interfaces > Thermodynamics of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 5.23 The retardation of grain growth by dispersed particles (the pinning effect decreases the driving force of the growth Δ G ). (a) Dispersion structure vs the single-phase structure. (b) Model for pinning effect More
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Calculated examples of pinning effect by dispersed particles on the grain g...

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in Thermodynamics of Interfaces > Thermodynamics of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 5.25 Calculated examples of pinning effect by dispersed particles on the grain growth More
Image

The ups and downs of interface and the number of pinning particles. (a) γ/α...

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in Thermodynamics of Interfaces > Thermodynamics of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 5.26 The ups and downs of interface and the number of pinning particles. (a) γ/α interface of Fe-Mo alloy after carburization (1123 K). (b) The dotted circles show the territories of each dispersed particle. More
Image

Production of bubble-free crystal by pinning the crystal grain boundary

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in Thermodynamics of Interfaces > Thermodynamics of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 5.30 Production of bubble-free crystal by pinning the crystal grain boundary More
Image

Schematic diagram of grain-boundary pinning by a second-phase particle. Sou...

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in Austenite in Steel > Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance
Published: 01 January 2015
Fig. 8.15 Schematic diagram of grain-boundary pinning by a second-phase particle. Source: Ref 8.24 More
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Typical variation of the pinning force with magnetic field.

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in Superconductors > Materials at Low Temperatures
Published: 01 June 1983
Figure F.1 Typical variation of the pinning force with magnetic field. More
Image

Voltage–current characteristics for: (a) strong-pinning materials, (b) weak...

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in Superconductors > Materials at Low Temperatures
Published: 01 June 1983
Figure G.1 Voltage–current characteristics for: (a) strong-pinning materials, (b) weak-pinning materials showing the superconducting flux flow region below J c , and (c) damaged strong-pinning materials showing the nonlinear take-off region below J c . More
Book Chapter

Failure of Elevator Hinge Pins in an Aircraft

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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.faesmch.t51270113
EISBN: 978-1-62708-301-0
... Abstract An aircraft went down over water some 30 minutes into a flight. The wreckage was retrieved and the elevator linkage components were dismantled, cleaned, and reassembled. As the chapter explains, both the port and starboard hinge pins had fractured at a tack welded joint along a flange...
Abstract
An aircraft went down over water some 30 minutes into a flight. The wreckage was retrieved and the elevator linkage components were dismantled, cleaned, and reassembled. As the chapter explains, both the port and starboard hinge pins had fractured at a tack welded joint along a flange. Based on visual examination, SEM fractography, and chemical analysis, investigators concluded that the hinge pins were not made from the specified steel and were not properly treated after cadmium plating. The pins failed due to hydrogen embrittlement, which may have been aggravated by welding. The chapter provides several recommendations to avoid such failures in the future.
View PDF for content titled, Failure of Elevator Hinge <span class="search-highlight">Pins</span> in an Aircraft
Image

As-received 420 roll pin. (a) Visual view of as-received roll pin (2.5 mm)....

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in Case Studies of Steel Component Failures in Aerospace Applications > Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 21 As-received 420 roll pin. (a) Visual view of as-received roll pin (2.5 mm). (b) SEM view of as-received roll pin (200 μm) More
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Wear of Ti6Al4V pins versus various counterfaces in a pin-on-disk wear test...

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in Tribological Properties of Stainless Steel and Other Corrosion-Resisting Metals > Tribomaterials: Properties and Selection for Friction, Wear, and Erosion Applications
Published: 30 April 2021
Fig. 9.20 Wear of Ti6Al4V pins versus various counterfaces in a pin-on-disk wear test More
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Chart for plotting 8620 steel test pin variation by characteristic. (a) Eff...

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in Use of Test Coupons for Process Verification > Practical Heat Treating
Published: 01 March 2006
Fig. 1 Chart for plotting 8620 steel test pin variation by characteristic. (a) Effective case depth characteristic. (b) Surface hardness characteristic. (c) Center core hardness characteristic. (d) Chart to plot data from (a), (b), and (c) by cycle and furnace. Source: Ref 1 More
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Red circle highlights the residue observed between Pins A2 and A3 after THB...

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in Package Failure Analysis: Flow and Technique > Microelectronics Failure Analysis: Desk Reference
Published: 01 November 2019
Figure 1 Red circle highlights the residue observed between Pins A2 and A3 after THB stress. More
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Wear scar on neoprene rubber after a reciprocating pin-on-flat wear test (p...

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in Tribology of Plastics and Elastomers > Tribomaterials: Properties and Selection for Friction, Wear, and Erosion Applications
Published: 30 April 2021
Fig. 11.27 Wear scar on neoprene rubber after a reciprocating pin-on-flat wear test (polished 60 HRC 52100 steel ball; 12.7 mm diameter; one thousand 10 mm strokes) More
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Example of friction stir welding pin tool. Source: Ref 6.10 , p 17

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in Solid-State Welding and Bonding > Joining: Understanding the Basics
Published: 01 November 2011
Fig. 6.18 Example of friction stir welding pin tool. Source: Ref 6.10 , p 17 More
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Effect of variation of pin height on the force transmitted by individual pi...

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in Cushion Systems for Sheet Metal Forming > Sheet Metal Forming: Fundamentals
Published: 01 August 2012
Fig. 13.14 Effect of variation of pin height on the force transmitted by individual pins. Source: Ref 13.6 More
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Failed wrist pin (sample 1), showing fractured faces. Source: Ref 18

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in Component Design > Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 27 Failed wrist pin (sample 1), showing fractured faces. Source: Ref 18 More
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Schematic of wrist pin. Note stress raisers at “A” and the rough machining ...

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in Component Design > Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 28 Schematic of wrist pin. Note stress raisers at “A” and the rough machining on surface “B.” Source: Ref 18 More
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Aspect of the stringer inclusions observed within the pin tip location. Une...

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in Steel Heat Treatment Failures due to Quenching > Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 43 Aspect of the stringer inclusions observed within the pin tip location. Unetched. Original magnification: 100× More
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View of the induction-hardened pin tip location. Ferrite bands and inclusio...

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in Steel Heat Treatment Failures due to Quenching > Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 44 View of the induction-hardened pin tip location. Ferrite bands and inclusions can be observed. Etched with 3% nital. (a) Original magnification: 100×. (b) Original magnification: 200× More