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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.msisep.t59220101
EISBN: 978-1-62708-259-4
... Abstract This chapter describes the phases and constituents present in iron-carbon steels in near-equilibrium conditions. It explains how to use phase diagrams to predict and manage the development of ferrite, austenite, cementite, and pearlite through controlled cooling. It discusses...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ascaam.t59190035
EISBN: 978-1-62708-296-9
... Abstract Structurally differentiated intermetallic phases are important constituents in the microstructure of aluminum alloys, with the potential to influence properties, behaviors, and processing characteristics. These phases can form in aluminum-silicon alloys with transition metals (Fe, Mn...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pdub.t53420171
EISBN: 978-1-62708-310-2
... Abstract This chapter explains how the presence of intermediate phases affects the melting behavior of binary alloys and the transformations that occur under different rates of cooling. It begins by examining the phase diagrams of magnesium-lead and copper-zinc, noting some of the complexities...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sap.t53000025
EISBN: 978-1-62708-313-3
... Abstract The microstructure of superalloys is highly complex, with a large number of dispersed intermetallics and other phases that modify alloy behavior through their composition, morphology, and distribution. This chapter provides an overview of the most notable phases, including the matrix...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.lmcs.t66560005
EISBN: 978-1-62708-291-4
... Abstract This chapter discusses the development of the nomenclature used to describe the constitution and structure of metals and alloys, particularly the phases observed in the microstructure of steel. It also points out some of the problems with current nomenclature and provides...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.spsp2.t54410017
EISBN: 978-1-62708-265-5
... This chapter describes the iron-carbon phase diagram, its modification by alloying elements, and the effect of carbon on the chemistry and crystallography of austenite, ferrite, and cementite found in Fe-C alloys and steels. It also lays the groundwork for understanding important metallurgical...
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Published: 01 March 2002
Fig. 13.9 Micrographs showing the formation of sulfide and nitride phases beneath the external oxide scales on nickel (top) and chromium (bottom) metals. Nickel exposed in flowing SO 2 for 8 h at 1000 °C (1832 °F). Chromium oxidized in air for 17 h at 1200 °C (2092 °F) More
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Published: 01 June 1983
Figure 9.21 Lattice parameters of Ti–Nb-alloy b.c.c., h.c.p., and orthorhombic phases. Body-centered cubic ( β ) data from Vozilkin, Prekul, Rakin, Volkenshteyn, and Buynor (1968) ; Hansen et al. (1951) ; Hickman (1969) ; Bychkova, Baron, and Savitskii (1965) . Hexagonal ( α More
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Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 16.32 Molar fraction of phases in equilibrium as a function of temperature for an ASTM A890/A890M, Grade 6A duplex stainless steel. Solubilization annealing is usually performed around 1100 °C (2010 °F). Below approximately 1000 °C (1830 °F), ferrite decomposes in austenite and sigma (σ More
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Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 16.38 Molar fraction of phases in equilibrium as a function of temperature for an ASTM A890/A890M Grade 1C duplex stainless steel. Solubilization annealing is normally performed above 1000 °C (1830 °F). Below approximately 950 °C (1740 °F) ferrite decomposes into austenite and sigma (σ More
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Published: 01 December 1999
Fig. 7.3 Variations in the amounts of carbide phases with tempering temperature. Tempering time, 5 h. Source: Ref 5 More
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Published: 01 October 2011
Fig. 14.24 Phases present in various commercial alloys at various quenching temperatures. Source: Ref 14.10 More
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Published: 01 August 2012
Fig. 1.2 Phases of the blanking process. Source: Ref 1.1 More
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Published: 01 June 2007
Fig. 2.4 Schaeffler diagram for determining phases formed upon solidification, based on chemistry More
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Published: 31 December 2020
Fig. 11 Isothermal precipitation kinetics for detrimental σ/χ phases for the 254 SMO ® (S31254), 904L, and 317LMN alloys. For comparison, the stability curve for the formation of chromium carbide in type 316 stainless steel is presented. Source: Ref 10 More
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Published: 31 December 2020
Fig. 15 Isothermal precipitation kinetics for carbides, σ/χ, and α′ phases in types 2304, 2205, and 2507 duplex stainless steels. Source: Ref 10 More
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Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 14.40 Transmission electron micrograph showing long-range ordered phases [Ni 2 (Cr,Mo)] in a dark field image using a 〈220〉 reflection in alloy S after 8000 h at 540 °C (1000 °F). Source: Ref 47 More
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Published: 01 March 2012
Fig. 13.13 Distribution of aluminum and molybdenum in the α and β phases for the same Ti-6242 alloy as in Fig. 13.12 . The lines were calculated from PanTi and experimental data. Source: Ref 13.7 and 13.10 as published in Ref 13.2 More
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Published: 01 March 2012
Fig. A.57 Dihedral angle, θ, between two interfaces of differing phases. Source: Ref A.6 as published in Ref A.1 More
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Published: 01 November 2010
Fig. 5.3 Effect of aluminum and titanium contents on the phases present at 800 °C (1470 °F) in Fe-15Cr-25Ni-modified stainless steel. Source: Ref 4 More