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Book Chapter
Cast Aluminum-Silicon Alloy—Phase Constituents and Microstructure
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ascaam.t59190001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-296-9
... Abstract This chapter serves as a study and guide on the main phase constituents of cast aluminum-silicon alloys, alpha-Al solid solution and Si crystals. The first section focuses on the structure of Al-Si castings in the as-cast state, covering the morphology of the alpha-Al solid solution...
Abstract
This chapter serves as a study and guide on the main phase constituents of cast aluminum-silicon alloys, alpha-Al solid solution and Si crystals. The first section focuses on the structure of Al-Si castings in the as-cast state, covering the morphology of the alpha-Al solid solution grains and the process by which they form. It describes how cooling rates, temperature gradients, and local concentrations influence the topology of the crystallization front, and how they play a role in determining the morphology and dispersion degree of the grains observed in cross sections of cast parts. It also describes the mechanism behind dendritic grain crystallization and how factors such as surface tension, capillary length, and lattice symmetry affect dendritic arm size and spacing. The section that follows examines the morphology of the silicon crystals that form in aluminum-silicon castings and its effect on properties and processing characteristics. It discusses the faceted nature of primary Si crystals and the modification techniques used to optimize their shape. It also describes the morphology of the (alpha-Al + Si) eutectic, which can be lamellar or rodlike in shape, and explains how it can be modified through temperature control or alloy additions to improve properties such as tensile strength and plasticity and reduce shrinkage.
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.10 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + β mFe + Π; αAl+Si + β MgSi ; αAl+Si + βMg2Si. (b) αAl+Si + β MgSi + Π. Sand mold. LM, etch. 10 NaOH(2). Source: Ref 3
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.11 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + β mFe + Π. (b) αAl+Si + β mFe + α HFe + Π. (c) αAl+βMg2Si + β mFe + Π. Sand mold. LM, etch. Weck-2(7). Ref 4
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.14 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + α cFeMn + β mFe + Π. (b) αAl+Si + α cFeMn + α HFe . (c) αAl+Si + α HFe + β MgSi . Sand mold. LM, etch. 10 NaOH(2). Source: Ref 3
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.15 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructure, αAl+Si + α cFeMn . Sand mold, LM etch. Weck-1(6). Ref 4
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.16 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si +β MgSi + Π. (b) αAl+Si + β MgSi . (c) αAl+Si + α HFe + α cFeMn + Π. Sand mold, LM etch. Weck-2(7). Ref 4
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.25 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructure. (a) αAl+Si + αHAlFeSi, etch. 10 NaOH(2). Source: Ref 3 (b) αAl+Si + β mFe + β MgSi . Sand mold, LM, etch. Weck-2(7). Source: Ref 4
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.28 (Part 1) Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + Q + ω CuFe + δ CuNi + γ CuNi + Π + β mFe . (b) αAl+Si + Q + θ Cu . (c) αAl+Si + β MgSi + θ Cu (d) αAl+Si + ω CuFe + τ FeNi1 + β MgSi + Q, CaSi 2 . (e) αAl+Si + β MgSi
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.28 (Part 2) Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (e) αAl+Si + β MgSi + ε Ni + θ Cu + τ FeNi1 + α cFeMn . (f) αAl+Si + β MgSi + ε Ni + θ Cu + τ FeNi1 . (g) αAl+Si + β MgSi + ε Ni + θ Cu + α cFeMn + τ FeNi1 + Q. Sand mold, LM
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.29 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructure: αAl+Si + β mFe + ε Ni + ω CuFe + Π + Q + δ CuNi . Sand mold, LM, etch. Wilcox(5). Source: Ref 3
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.30 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + θ Cu + ε Ni + Q + ω CuFe + τ FeNi1 + β mFe , CaSi 2 . (b) αAl+Si + θ Cu + τ FeNi1 + ε Ni + Q + ω CuFe + δ CuNi + β MgSi , CaSi 2 . (c) αAl+Si + τ FeNi1 + Q + δ CuNi . Sand mold
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.31 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures: (a) αAl+Si + τ FeNi1 + δ CuNi + Π + Q + β MgSi . (b) αAl+Si + τ FeNi1 + δ CuNi + Π + Q. Sand mold, LM, etch. Lienard(8). Source: Ref 5
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Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.41 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + β mFe + β MgSi + θ Cu + ω CuFe + Q. (b) αAl+Si + α cFeMn + Π. (c) αAl+Si + β mFe + θ Cu + α cFeMn + Si + Q + ω CuFe . Sand mold, LM, etch. 10 NaOH(2). Source: Ref 3
More
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.44 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + α cFeMn + θ Cu + Q. (b) αAl+Si + θ Cu + Q + ω CuFe . Sand mold, LM, etch. 10 NaOH(2). Source: Ref 3
More
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.45 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructure, αAl+Si + θ Cu + Q. Sand mold, LM, etch. 1NaOH(4). Source: Ref 3
More
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.46 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructure, αAl+Si + θ Cu + Q + Π+ ω CuFe + β mFe . Sand mold, LM, etch. Weck-1(6). Source: Ref 4
More
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.47 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructure, αAl+Si + β MgSi + CaSi 2 . Sand mold, LM, etch. Weck-2(7). Source: Ref 4
More
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.50 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + θ Cu + β mFe + Q. (b) αAl+Si + θ Cu + Q + Π + β mFe + ω CuFe —extended etching time. Sand mold, LM, etch. 10 NaOH(2). Source: Ref 3
More
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.51 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructures. (a) αAl+Si + θ Cu + α cFeMn + Q. (b) αAl+Si + θCu + α cFeMn + Q. Sand mold, LM, etch. HNO 3 (3). Source: Ref 3
More
Image
Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microst...
Available to Purchase
in Microstructure of Aluminum-Silicon Technical Casting Alloys
> Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys: Atlas of Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2016
Fig. 3.52 Morphology of the phase constituents in the interdendritic eutectic microstructure, αAl+Si + θ Cu + α cFeMn + β MgSi . Sand mold, LM, etch. Weck-1(6). Source: Ref 4
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