Fig. 5.23 Comparison of fatigue behavior: parent metal, parent metal with a hole, and a welded joint. Source: Ref 5.11 More

Fig. 9.10 (Part 2) (e) Large austenitic grain size (parent structure similar to that shown in Fig. 8.8 (Part 1) c ). Austenitized at 730 °C, transformed at 20 °C, water quenched from the austenitizing temperature. 710 HV. Bisulfite. 250×. (f) Large austenitic grain size (parent structure More

Fig. 11.8 (Part 2) (e) Partly austenitized zone. 3% nital. 250×. (f) Parent metal. 3% nital. 250×. More

Fig. 11.15 (Part 1) Submerged-arc butt weld in high-strength steel (0.2%C-1.5%Mn) plate. Parent metal: 0.21C-0.20Si-1.50Mn-0.015S (wt%), CE = 0.46. Weld metal: 0.19C-0.30Si-1.62Mn-0.009S (wt%). Two-pass butt weld in plate (double-vee preparation). (a) Weld region. 3% nital 1×. (b) Weld More

Fig. 11.15 (Part 2) Submerged-arc butt weld in high-strength steel (0.2%C-1.5%Mn) plate. Parent metal: 0.21C-0.20Si-1.50Mn-0.015S (wt%), CE = 0.46. Weld metal: 0.19C-0.30Si-1.62Mn-0.009S (wt%). Two-pass butt weld in plate (double-vee preparation). (a) Weld region. 3% nital 1×. (b) Weld More

Fig. 11.16 (Part 1) Submerged-arc butt weld in high-strength 0.2%C-1.5%Mn plate. Parent metal: 0.21C-0.20Si-1.50Mn-0.015S (wt%), CE = 0.46. Weld metal: 0.19C-0.30Si-1.62Mn-0.009S (wt%). (a) to (e) Two-pass butt weld (double-vee preparation). Weld metal. 220 HV. (a) 1% nital. 100×. (b More

Fig. 11.17 (Part 1) Submerged-arc butt weld of high-strength (0.2%C-1.5%Mn) plate. Parent metal: 0.21C-0.20Si-1.50Mn-0.015S (wt%), CE = 0.46. Weld metal: 0.19C-0.30Si-1.62Mn-0.009S (wt%). Two-pass butt weld; double-vee preparation. (a) Weld (left) and heat-affected zone in parent metal More

Fig. 11.17 (Part 2) Submerged-arc butt weld of high-strength (0.2%C-1.5%Mn) plate. Parent metal: 0.21C-0.20Si-1.50Mn-0.015S (wt%), CE = 0.46. Weld metal: 0.19C-0.30Si-1.62Mn-0.009S (wt%). Two-pass butt weld; double-vee preparation. (a) Weld (left) and heat-affected zone in parent metal More

Fig. 11.18 (Part 1) Submerged-arc butt weld in medium-strength (0.3%C-0.9%Mn) plate. Parent metal: 0.28C-0.25Si-0.9Mn (wt%), CE = 0.43. Weld metal: 0.16C-0.60Si-1.0Mn-0.090 (wt%). Multipass butt weld in plate; double-vee preparation. (a) Weld region. 3% nital. 2×. (b) Weld metal. 200 HV. 3 More

Fig. 11.18 (Part 2) Submerged-arc butt weld in medium-strength (0.3%C-0.9%Mn) plate. Parent metal: 0.28C-0.25Si-0.9Mn (wt%), CE = 0.43. Weld metal: 0.16C-0.60Si-1.0Mn-0.09O (wt%). Multipass butt weld in plate; double-vee preparation. (a) Weld region. 3% nital. 2×. (b) Weld metal. 200 HV. 3 More

Fig. 11.19 (Part 1) Effect of cooling rate on parent metal adjacent to weld. Butt weld in 19 mm normalized plate. 0.24C-1.59Mn (wt%) CE = 0.49. (a) Electroslag weld (30 kJ/mm heat input). 290 HV. Nital. 75×. (b) Submerged-arc weld (6 kJ/mm heat input). 425 HV. Nital. 75×. (c) Shielded More

Fig. 11.20 (Part 1) Effect of composition of parent metal on submerged-arc welds. Welds made under identical conditions in normalized plates of different compositions. (a) 0.20C-0.50Mn (wt%). CE = 0.3. Weld region. Nitric-acetic acid. 2×. (b) 0.20C-0.50Mn (wt%). CE = 0.3. Heat-affected More

Fig. 11.20 (Part 2) Effect of composition of parent metal on submerged-arc welds. Welds made under identical conditions in normalized plates of different compositions. (a) 0.20C-0.50Mn (wt%). CE = 0.3. Weld region. Nitric-acetic acid. 2×. (b) 0.20C-0.50Mn (wt%). CE = 0.3. Heat-affected More

Fig. 11.24 (Part 1) Shielded-arc weld. Parent plate: 0.20C-0.3Si-0.5Mn (wt%). CE = 0.21. Weld metal: 0.07C-0.2Si-0.65Mn (wt%). Single-vee butt weld in three passes. (a) Section. Nitric-acetic. 0.75×. (b) As-deposited weld metal. 190 HV. Picral. 250×. (c) As-deposited weld metal. 190 HV More

Fig. 11.27 (Part 1) Gas weld (oxyacetylene fusion butt weld). Parent metal: 0.19C-0.07Si-0.55Mn (wt%). CE = 0.20. Weld metal: 0.17C-0.06Si-0.55Mn (wt%). The structure of the parent metal was similar to that illustrated in Fig. 11.8 (Part 2) (f) ; its hardness was 120 HV. (a) to (c More

Fig. 11.28 (Part 2) (c) Parent metal immediately adjacent to heat-affected zone. 230 HV. Picral. 500× (d) Heat-affected zone. 650 HV. Picral. 500×. (e) Weld metal. 710 HV. Picral. 500×. (f) Weld metal. 710 HV. 2% nital. 1000×. More

Fig. 5.12 Schematic diagrams to show (a) portion of parent crystal; (b) new lattice (martensite) produced by lattice deformation; and lattice invariant deformation by (c) slip and (d) twinning to make martensite conform to original position of parent crystal (a). Source: Ref 5.7 More

Fig. 7.9 Schematic diagram of ledge growth at interface of ferrite and parent austenite. G L is the thickening growth rate, V S is the lateral ledge velocity, h is the ledge height, and λ is the interledge spacing. Adapted from Ref 7.17 More

Fig. 5.8 Microhardness profile for an economizer tube sample; PM, parent metal Distance, μm Microhardness in VPN at 100 g load Weld 209 400 208 600 204 800 205 HAZ 222 1200 228 1400 202 1600 197 1800 183 PM 196 2200 204 2400 191 2600 More

Fig. 6.161 (a) Parent metal structure of banded ferrite and pearlite, 400×. (b) Weld microstructure of acicular ferrite with finely distributed carbides, 400×. (c) Unetched view of ID having crack with wide opening and filled with corrosion product, 100×. (d) Corrosion on ID surface, 200× More