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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cfap.t69780323
EISBN: 978-1-62708-281-5
... Abstract The susceptibility of plastics to environmental failure, when exposed to organic chemicals, limits their use in many applications. Environmental factors can be classified into two categories: chemical and physical effects. This article discusses the effects of these environmental...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910237
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... may be organic or inorganic compounds, and they are usually dissolved in aqueous environments. Inhibitors have been added to chemical-conversion treatment baths and to paint primers. Vapor-phase inhibitors are used in confined atmospheres. Some of the most effective inorganic inhibitors...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910363
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... mechanisms: barrier protection, chemical inhibition, and galvanic (sacrificial) protection. This chapter begins with a section on organic coating and linings, providing a detailed account of the steps involved in the coating process, namely, design and selection, surface preparation, application...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030165
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
... behavior of metals is their chemical composition. Alloying, which is adding other element(s) to a metal, is one of the major means used to improve the corrosion resistance of the base material. Alloys with varying degrees of corrosion resistance have been developed in response to an ever-increasing number...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.caaa.t67870191
EISBN: 978-1-62708-299-0
... the basic factors that influence design for corrosion resistance and discusses the use of conversion coatings, organic coatings, porcelain enameling, and electroplating. It also discusses corrosion monitoring methods used in chemical processing and refining industries. aluminum aluminum alloys...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030045
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
... the corrosion of those metals and alloys. This influence derives from the ability of the organisms to change the environmental variables such as pH, oxidizing power, velocity of flow, and concentration of chemical species at the metal surface. Thus, the value of a given parameter at the metal-water interface...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hss.t52790241
EISBN: 978-1-62708-356-0
... engine valve steels. Standardized designation of alloys is done by various specification organizations, as briefly described in this section. By way of example, Table 6 lists comparable designations for type 304 stainless steel. There was no standardization of the chemical compositions...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hss.t52790235
EISBN: 978-1-62708-356-0
...) . The book contained the chemical compositions of each of the alloys listed. MIL-HDBK-H1 was first published in the early 1950s as a typewritten book of approximately 200 pages. It was thereafter the practice of the DoD to solicit help from the various standards organizations in updating the book...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hss.t52790025
EISBN: 978-1-62708-356-0
... engine exhaust valves. Source: Thum, 1933 , p 486 Abstract In 1924, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) organized the symposium "Corrosion and Heat Resisting Alloys, and Electrical Resistance Alloys." It was the beginning of a major role that ASTM played in the history...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.msisep.t59220001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-259-4
... Abstract This chapter discusses the engineering significance of steel and briefly describes its chemical composition, crystal structure, Fe-C phases, and associated characterization techniques. steel Humankind has used iron products since at least 1200 B.C. Even though iron is one...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ttg2.t61120289
EISBN: 978-1-62708-269-3
... Abstract This appendix provides information on organizations that issue specifications and standards related to titanium and its alloys. titanium titanium alloys THIS APPENDIX provides information about selected organizations that issue specifications and standards related...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.faesmch.t51270063
EISBN: 978-1-62708-301-0
... THIS SECTION CONTAINS details of various cases selected from a large number of failure investigations carried out at the National Aerospace Laboratories in the last four decades. These cases were referred by various organizations from aerospace and non-aerospace sectors. The spectrum of failures...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... processes to choose from for a given product or service condition. Inorganic Coatings Inorganic coatings include porcelain enamels, chemical-setting silicate cement linings, glass coatings and linings, and other corrosion-resistant ceramics. Like organic coatings, inorganic coatings for corrosion...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030200
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
... ) and sodium ferrocyanide, were used in early days to inhibit carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) corrosion in oil wells, but the treatment frequency and effectiveness were not satisfactory. This led to the development of many organic chemical formulations that frequently incorporated film-forming amines and their salts...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.caaa.t67870135
EISBN: 978-1-62708-299-0
... A rural atmosphere is normally classified as one that does not contain chemical pollutants but does contain organic and inorganic dusts. Its principal corrodents are moisture and, of course, oxygen and carbon dioxide. Arid or tropical atmospheres are special cases of the rural environment because...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mfadr7.t91110032
EISBN: 978-1-62708-247-1
... of capital and human assets, improved cycle time, and improved communications, a better understanding of the business processes across the organization, and more thoughtful decision making. Ideas can be as simple as the order quantity of supplies. For example, one organization saved 44% on chemical costs...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sch6.t68200065
EISBN: 978-1-62708-354-6
... approximately 25 that deal with material specifications, one that deals with welding, and over 40 that deal with nondestructive testing. ASTM is only one of many standards-writing organizations throughout the world. Specifying steel castings is not a simple matter. This chapter will endeavor to clarify...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230071
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
... Abstract This chapter describes some of the chemical processes that have been developed to extract beryllium from different types of ore. It covers the Kjellgren-Sawyer sulfate method, the Degussa method, Copaux-Kawecki fluoride extraction, solvent extraction, and leaching and settling. It also...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910193
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... and industrial, the large organisms are missing, but there are still many microorganisms, such as bacteria and algae. MIC has been documented for metals exposed to process chemicals, foods, soils, aircraft fuels, human plasma, and sewage, in addition to seawater and freshwater. In all these environments...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mfub.t53740325
EISBN: 978-1-62708-308-9
... amounts of volatile organic compounds (solvents). The chemicals used for these processes may pose serious health and environmental hazards. For information about specific regulatory requirements, permitting conditions, and enforcement issues, the reader is advised to seek assistance from federal, state...