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niobium alloys
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Image
Published: 01 June 2008
Fig. 31.4 Niobium alloy C-103 annealed sheet. Arc melted, hot extruded, warm rolled, and annealed. Cold rolled to finished size. Final annealed in vacuum at 1290 °C (2350 °F) for 1 h. Source: Ref 4
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Image
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 22-7 Comparison of standard HP grade, niobium-modified alloys, and micro-alloyed compositions—100,000 hour rupture lives
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Image
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 10 Corrosion of niobium-stabilized 29% Cr plus 4% Mo alloys in ASTM A 763 Y test. Source: Ref 11
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.aub.t61170308
EISBN: 978-1-62708-297-6
... Abstract This article discusses the role of alloying in the production and use of common refractory metals, including molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, and rhenium. It provides an overview of each metal and its alloys, describing the compositions, properties, and processing...
Abstract
This article discusses the role of alloying in the production and use of common refractory metals, including molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, and rhenium. It provides an overview of each metal and its alloys, describing the compositions, properties, and processing characteristics as well as the effect of alloying elements. It also discusses strengthening mechanisms and, where appropriate, corrosion behavior.
Image
Published: 01 November 2013
, copper alloys, magnesium alloys, beryllium, stainless steels, nickel alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, iron and nickel and cobalt superalloys, niobium and niobium alloys, tantalum and tantalum alloys, molybdenum and molybdenum alloys, tungsten alloys Process variations Closed-die forging
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.emea.t52240583
EISBN: 978-1-62708-251-8
..., primarily for niobium alloys in aerospace applications, to enable their use in high-temperature oxidizing environments. Comparative properties of refractory metals Table 31.1 Comparative properties of refractory metals Metal Crystal structure (a) Specific gravity Melting point Modulus...
Abstract
The refractory metals include niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, and rhenium. These metals are considered refractory because of their high melting points, high-temperature mechanical stability, and resistance to softening at elevated temperatures. This article discusses the composition, properties, fabrication procedures, advantages and disadvantages, and applications of these refractory metals and their alloys. A comparison of some of the properties of the refractory metals with those of iron, copper, and aluminum is given in a table. The article concludes with a brief section on refractory metal protective coatings.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.wip.t65930353
EISBN: 978-1-62708-359-1
... Abstract This article discusses the weldability and fusion weld properties of refractory metal alloys. The alloys discussed include tantalum, niobium, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten. molybdenum niobium rhenium tantalum tungsten weldability THE REFRACTORY METALS, which include...
Image
Published: 01 December 2001
Fig. 8 Effect of binary alloy additions on the transition temperature of niobium. Source: Ref 5
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Image
Published: 01 December 2001
Fig. 9 Effect of binary alloy additions on the yield strength of niobium at 1095 °C (2000 °F). Source: Ref 5
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Image
Published: 01 December 2001
Fig. 10 Creep strengthening effect of alloying elements in niobium at 1200 °C (2190 °F). Source: Ref 5
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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.wip.t65930071
EISBN: 978-1-62708-359-1
... of the alloying elements niobium, silicon, and carbon on the temperature range of two-phase coexistence of liquid and solid (equilibrium melting/solidification temperature range) and on solidification cracking susceptibility. Solidification cracking susceptibility was measured with the varestraint test, using...
Abstract
The formation of defects in materials that have been fusion welded is a major concern in the design of welded assemblies. This article describes four types of defects that, in particular, have been the focus of much attention because of the magnitude of their impact on product quality. Colloquially, these four defect types are known as hot cracks, heat-affected zone microfissures, cold cracks, and lamellar tearing.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.aub.t61170193
EISBN: 978-1-62708-297-6
... or grades of HSLA steel along with information on available mill forms, key characteristics, and intended uses. The article explains how small amounts of alloying elements, particularly vanadium, niobium, and titanium, control not only the properties of HSLA steels, but also their manufacturability...
Abstract
This article discusses the effect of alloying on high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels. It explains where HSLA steels fit in the continuum of commercial steels and describes the six general categories into which they are divided. It provides composition data for standard types or grades of HSLA steel along with information on available mill forms, key characteristics, and intended uses. The article explains how small amounts of alloying elements, particularly vanadium, niobium, and titanium, control not only the properties of HSLA steels, but also their manufacturability.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.aub.t61170290
EISBN: 978-1-62708-297-6
... Aluminum 0–6 0–4.5 Titanium 0–6 0–4 Cobalt 0–20 … Nickel … 0–22 Niobium 0–5 0–4 Tantalum 0–12 0–9 Rhenium 0–6 0–2 Role of alloying elements in superalloys Table 1(b) Role of alloying elements in superalloys Effect (a) Iron-base Cobalt-base Nickel-base...
Abstract
This article discusses the composition, structure, and properties of iron-nickel-, nickel-, and cobalt-base superalloys and the effect of major alloying and trace elements. It describes the primary and secondary roles of each alloying element, the amounts typically used, and the corresponding effect on properties and microstructure. It also covers mechanical alloying and weldability and includes nominal composition data on many wrought and cast superalloys.
Image
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 22-1 The effects of strengthening additions of niobium and niobium plus titanium on the rupture stresses of HK40 base alloy at 982 °C (1800 °F)
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ssde.t52310109
EISBN: 978-1-62708-286-0
... plus nitrogen to levels below 0.02% and the use of dual stabilization by titanium and niobium; 468 (UNS S40930) is such an alloy. The historical archetype of ferritic stainless steels was 430, which has existed since the 1920s and is still widely used. Its drawbacks are lack of weldability...
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030148
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
..., copper, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, and tantalum alloys. hydrogen damage iron-base alloys nickel alloys aluminum alloys copper alloys titanium alloys zirconium alloys vanadium alloys niobium alloys tantalum alloys HYDROGEN DAMAGE is a form of environmentally assisted...
Abstract
Hydrogen damage is a form of environmentally assisted failure that results most often from the combined action of hydrogen and residual or applied tensile stress. This chapter classifies the various forms of hydrogen damage, summarizes the various theories that seek to explain hydrogen damage, and reviews hydrogen degradation in specific ferrous and nonferrous alloys. The preeminent theories for hydrogen damage are based on pressure, surface adsorption, decohesion, enhanced plastic flow, hydrogen attack, and hydride formation. The specific alloys covered are iron-base, nickel, aluminum, copper, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, and tantalum alloys.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hss.t52790235
EISBN: 978-1-62708-356-0
... (cartridge brass) G12144 AISI 12L14 (leaded-alloy steel) G41300 AISI 4130 (alloy steel) K93600 Invar (36% nickel alloy steel) L13700 Alloy Sn 70 (tin-lead solder) N06007 Nickel-chromium alloy (Hastelloy G) N06625 Alloy 625 (nickel-chromium-molybdenum-niobium alloy) R58210 Alloy 21...
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910237
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... selection, and discuss, where appropriate, the characteristic forms of corrosion that attack specific materials. The materials addressed in this chapter include carbon steels, weathering steels, and alloy steels; nickel, copper, aluminum, titanium, lead, magnesium, tin, zirconium, tantalum, niobium...
Abstract
All materials are susceptible to corrosion or some form of environmental degradation. Although no single material is suitable for all applications, usually there are a variety of materials that will perform satisfactorily in a given environment. The intent of this chapter is to review the corrosion behavior of the major classes of metals and alloys as well as some nonmetallic materials, describe typical corrosion applications, and present some unique weaknesses of various types of materials. It also aims to point out some unique material characteristics that may be important in material selection, and discuss, where appropriate, the characteristic forms of corrosion that attack specific materials. The materials addressed in this chapter include carbon steels, weathering steels, and alloy steels; nickel, copper, aluminum, titanium, lead, magnesium, tin, zirconium, tantalum, niobium, and cobalt and their alloys; polymers; and other nonmetallic materials, including rubber, carbon and graphite, and woods.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sap.t53000059
EISBN: 978-1-62708-313-3
... is an essential alloying addition in cobalt- and nickel-iron-base superalloys and is used to stabilize the face-centered cubic (fcc) matrix within the service temperature range. Niobium is added for γ″ precipitate formation and also for solid-solution hardening. Tantalum is added for carbide formation and solid...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the typical compositional ranges of superalloys, the role of major base metals (iron, cobalt, and nickel), and the effects of common alloying additions. It describes how chromium, aluminum, and titanium as well as refractory elements, grain-boundary elements, reactive elements, and oxides influence mechanical properties and behaviors. It also discusses the effect of trace elements.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 September 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.fahtsc.t51130541
EISBN: 978-1-62708-284-6
... Cerium (Ce) 6.2–6.7 3.4–3.7 Pure Rhenium (Re) 6.5 3.6 Pure Tantalum (Ta) 4.9–8.2 2.7–4.6 Pure Chromium (Cr) 6.8 3.8 Pure Iridium (Ir) 2.0–12 1.1–6.7 Magnetically soft iron alloys 7.1 3.9 Pure Technetium (Tc) 7.2–7.3 4.0–4.1 Pure Niobium (Nb) 5.1–9.6 2.8–5.3 Pure...
Abstract
This appendix is a collection of tables listing coefficients of linear thermal expansion for carbon and low-alloy steels, presenting a summary of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity; and listing thermal conductivities and specific heats of carbon and low-alloy steels.
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