Fig. 8.4 Nitrogen content vs. depth for Inconel nickel-base superalloy heated at 816 °C (1500 °F) in nitrogen More

Fig. 9.1 Hot crack in heat-affected zone of U-700 nickel-base superalloy after fusion melting More

Fig. 9.3 Postweld strain-age cracking in nickel-base superalloy X-750. Alloy was welded in the age-hardened condition and re-aged at 705 °C (1300 °F) More

Fig. 9.6 Minipatch welding tests on U-700 nickel-base superalloy showing the benefit of overaging on postweld heat treatment cracking, (left) solution heat treated, (right) overage heat treated More

Fig. 9.10 Microstructures produced in U-700 nickel-base superalloy to simulate portions of the heat-affected zone corresponding to the peak welding temperature More

Fig. 9.11 Composite micrograph of U-700 nickel-base superalloy showing location of extended heat-affected zone, noting partly melted regions and showing some hot cracking defects More

Fig. 9.12 Liquation of a NbC stringer in IN-718 nickel-base superalloy. (a) Stringer before onset of liquation, (b) initial stages of liquation, (c) movement of stringer liquation into grain boundaries of alloy More

Fig. 9.19 Welding information on Waspaloy nickel-base superalloy gas turbine shroud Joint type Butt Weld type Square-groove Welding process Automatic GTAW Power supply 200 to 300 A transformer-rectifier, constant current Torch Mechanical, water cooled Electrode More

Fig. 9.20 Bellows joint of IN-718 nickel-base superalloy showing welding information Conditions for GTAW Joint type Edge Weld type Three-member edge flange Fixture Rotating positioner Power supply 300 A transformer-rectifier Electrode 0.040 in. (1.02 mm) diam EWTh More

Fig. 10.4 Original (top left) tool design for A-286 iron-nickel-base superalloy and, (bottom left) improved tool design for Rene 41 to broach same slot (right) in a gas turbine (dimensions in inches) More

Fig. 12.2 Yield and ultimate strengths of U-720 nickel-base superalloy showing obvious peaking (a) and lack of peaking (b) for two different processing options More

Fig. 12.3 Strength (hardness) vs. particle diameter in a nickel-base superalloy. Cutting occurs at low particle diameters, bypassing at high particle diameters. Note also that aging temperature affects strength in conjunction with particle size. More

Fig. 12.6 Schematic of microstructure of B-1900 nickel-base superalloy as normally heat treated and after exposure of 2-10 h at successively higher temperatures. Irregular polygons represent γ′ and black zig-zag marks are intended to represent areas of incipient melting. More

Fig. 12.14 Micrographs of IN-718 nickel-base superalloy after receiving a high solution treatment at 1038 °C (1900 °F) for differing times. (a) 20 min at 1038 °C, showing presence of prior δ-phase grain boundary precipitates (arrows). 550×. (b) 1 h showing absence of prior δ phase particles More

Fig. 12.29 Rupture strength at 1020 °C (1868 °F) of a nickel-base superalloy as a function of cobalt content, showing a peak at about 13% Co More

Fig. 12.38 Fatigue crack growth rate behavior of IN-718 nickel-base superalloy tested in air at 649 °C (1200 °F) More

Fig. 12.43 Dependence of crack growth rate of Waspaloy nickel-base superalloy on γ′ size and grain size when tested at room temperature More

Fig. 12.46 Low-cycle fatigue behavior of IN 738 nickel-base superalloy in vacuum, air, and hot corrosion environments at 899 °C (1650 °F) and two cycling rates More

Fig. 12.47 Fatigue life of N-155 iron-nickel-base superalloy in the HCF range under reversed bending at various temperatures from room temperature to 816 °C (1500 °F) More

Fig. 12.53 Scatterbands for IN-738 PC cast nickel-base superalloy with and without HIP using Larson-Miller parameter (P LM ). Note: P LM = T (C + log t ) where C = Larson-Miller constant, T = absolute temperature, t = time in h. For this plot, C = 20, T = °R More