Fig. 14.17 Planes of metal flow. (a) Planes of flow. (b) Finished forged shapes. (c) Directions of flow [ Altan et al., 1973 ] More

Fig. 6.19 (a) Heat transfer between the die and injected metal, (b) metal flow analysis More

Figure 1-19 a Macroetching of a section from a Ti-6Al-4V forging revealing metal flow pattern and segregation (etchant, solution of 10 mL HF, 15 mL HNO 3 , and 75 mL H 2 O, swabbed for 2 min at room temperature). (Courtesy of J. A. Hendrickson, Wyman-Gordon Co.) More

Fig. 15 Metal flow and load-stroke curve in closed-die forging. (a) Upsetting. (b) Filling. (c) End. (d) Load-stroke curve. Source: Ref 10 More

Fig. 23 Progression of metal flow in drawing a cup from a flat blank. Source: Ref 13 More

Fig. 3.83 Metal flow in the die head [ Kom 89 ] More

Fig. 4 Metal flow directions in a weld pool with (left) and without (right) sulfur. Source: Adapted from Ref 4 More

Fig. 3.5 Metal flow in certain forming processes. (a) Non-steady-state upset forging. (b) Steady-state extrusion. [ Lange, 1972 ] More

Fig. 4.19 The ring test. (a) Schematic of metal flow. (b) Example rings upset to various reductions in height More

Fig. 7.7 Metal flow in ring compression test. (a) Low friction. (b) High friction More

Fig. 7.10 Metal flow in double cup backward extrusion test More

Fig. 14.10 Metal flow and the corresponding load-stroke curve. (a) Upsetting. (b) Filling. (c) End. (d) Load-stroke curve [ Altan et al., 1983 ] More

Fig. A.1 (a) Geometry of the connecting rod. (b) Directions of metal flow. (c) Representative sections and their simplification More

Fig. 15.2 Planes and directions of metal flow for two simple shapes. (a) Planes of flow. (b) Finish forging. (c) Directions of flow [ Altan et al., 1983 ] More

Fig. 15.6 Possible modes of metal flow at the end of forging stroke in impression-die forging. (a) Fictitious disk shearing. (b) Sliding in the central portion of the cavity. (c) Complete shearing in the cavity More

Fig. 15.7 Geometry, directions of metal flow and representative cross sections of a connecting rod: (a) cross-sectional views of the connecting rod, (b) directions of metal flow (A = axisymmetric, P = plane strain), (c) representative sections and their simplification More

Fig. 18.14 Predicted metal flow at intermediate stages of simulation [ Cho et al., 2003 ] More

Fig. CH4.3 The arrow indicates the area having rubbing and metal flow. More

Fig. CH13.3 Deformation and metal flow around the piston hole More

Fig. 11.28 (Part 3) (g) Shape of the weld pool formed in an electron-beam weld. Metal flows down the front of the weld pool and then in the direction of the arrows after the weld pool has passed. After Ref 20 . More