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Published: 01 December 2008
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.aacppa.t51140211
EISBN: 978-1-62708-335-5
...) rather than typical values are provided. aluminum casting alloys tensile properties uniaxial tensile test This data set contains the results of uniaxial tensile tests of a wide range of aluminum casting alloys conducted at: High temperatures from 212 to 700 °F (100 to 370 °C) after...
Abstract
This data set contains the results of uniaxial tensile tests of a wide range of aluminum casting alloys conducted at high temperatures from 100 to 370 deg C, subzero temperatures from -269 to -28 deg C, and room temperature after holding at high temperatures from 100 to 370 deg C. In most cases, tests were made of several lots of material of each alloy and temper. The results for the several lots were then analyzed together graphically and statistically, and the averages were normalized to the room-temperature typical values. For some alloys, "representative" values (raw data) rather than typical values are provided.
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Published: 01 June 2008
Book Chapter
Ferritic Stainless Steels
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ssde.t52310109
EISBN: 978-1-62708-286-0
... Abstract This chapter discusses the alloy composition, metallurgy, mechanical behavior, stabilization, texture, anisotropy, high-temperature properties, and corrosion and oxidation resistance of ferritic stainless steels. ferritic stainless steels alloy composition mechanical behavior...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the alloy composition, metallurgy, mechanical behavior, stabilization, texture, anisotropy, high-temperature properties, and corrosion and oxidation resistance of ferritic stainless steels.
Book Chapter
Introduction
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sap.t53000001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-313-3
... in terms of the combination of high-temperature mechanical properties and environmental resistance, as shown in Fig. 1.1 , and are the primary choice for structural applications at high temperatures. Although ceramics have very good environmental resistance, their low fracture toughness makes them...
Abstract
Superalloys, although not strictly defined, are generally regarded as high-performance alloys based on group VIII elements (nickel, cobalt, or iron, with a high percentage of nickel) to which a multiplicity of alloying elements have been added. The defining feature of a superalloy is its combination of relatively high mechanical strength and surface stability at high operating temperatures. This chapter provides a brief history of the development of superalloys and discusses their use in the gas turbine engines.
Book Chapter
Ordered Intermetallics
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.aub.t61170337
EISBN: 978-1-62708-297-6
... applications. They contain enough aluminum to form, in oxidizing environments, thin films of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) that are compact and protective. They have low densities, relatively high melting points, and good high-temperature strength properties ( Tables 1 and 2 ). Properties of nickel, iron...
Abstract
This article discusses the effect of alloying on the composition, structure, properties, and processing characteristics of ordered intermetallic compounds, including nickel aluminides, iron aluminides, and titanium aluminides. It includes several data tables along with a list of typical applications.
Book Chapter
Principles of Alloying Titanium
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.tpmpa.t54480051
EISBN: 978-1-62708-318-8
.... Advanced Alpha Alloys Titanium aluminides are alloys of titanium and aluminum based on the ordered compounds Ti 3 Al (α 2 ) and TiAl (γ) ( Ref 3.6 , 3.7 ). These alloys offer a significant step forward in high-temperature property improvements compared with conventional titanium alloys. They have...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the basic principles of alloying and their practical application in the production of titanium mill products and engineered parts. It begins with a review of the atomic and crystal structure of titanium and the conditions for interstitial and substitutional alloying. It then describes the different classes of alloying elements, their effect on mechanical properties and behaviors, and their influence on phase transitions and transformations. The chapter also discusses the role of intermetallic compounds and their effect on crystal structure and creep behavior.
Book Chapter
Selection Guidelines for Lightweight Materials
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.lmub.t53550621
EISBN: 978-1-62708-307-2
... curve Yield strength Tension Compression Shear Ultimate strength Tension Shear Bearing Fatigue properties Smooth Notched Corrosion fatigue Rolling contact Fretting Charpy transition temperature Fracture hardness ( K Ic ) High-temperature behavior Creep Stress...
Abstract
This chapter consists of three parts. The first part provides data and guidelines for selecting materials and processing routes. It compares the basic properties of metals, ceramics, and polymers, identifies important measures of performance, and discusses manufacturing processes and their compatibility with specific materials. The chapter then presents general guidelines for selecting lightweight materials, and concludes with a review of lightweight metals, plastics, and composites used in automotive applications.
Book Chapter
Advanced Alloys and Future Directions
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ttg2.t61120131
EISBN: 978-1-62708-269-3
... at ambient temperatures, although the elevated-temperature ductility generally is satisfactory. For processing and service installation and refurbishment, though, low ductility at ambient temperatures can present a problem. Creep and other high-temperature properties are good, although not necessarily...
Abstract
This chapter discusses some of the promising developments in the use of titanium, including titanium aluminides, titanium matrix composites, superplastic forming, spray forming, nanotechnology, and rapid solidification rate processing. It also reports on efforts to increase the operating temperature range of conventional titanium alloys and reduce costs.
Book Chapter
Introduction to Steels and Cast Irons
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mgppis.t60400001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-258-7
... steels and tool steels. Added to increase solid-solution strength and hardness as well as to increase hardenability. A strong carbide former (stronger than chromium). Improves high-temperature properties, including creep strength. Counteracts temper embrittlement. Enhances corrosion resistance...
Abstract
This chapter introduces the metallographer to the various types of steels and cast irons and explains how they are classified and defined. Classification and designation details are provided for plain carbon steels, alloy steels, and gray, white, ductile, and malleable cast irons.
Book Chapter
Matrix Resin Systems
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.scm.t52870063
EISBN: 978-1-62708-314-0
... in lower moisture absorption and have attractive electrical properties but at a significantly higher price. Phenolics are high-temperature systems that offer outstanding smoke and fire resistance and are frequently used for aircraft interior components. Due to their high char yield, they can also be used...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the use of thermoset and thermoplastic resins in polymer matrix composites. It begins by explaining how the two classes of polymer differ and how it impacts their use as matrix materials. It then goes on to describe the characteristics of polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy, bismaleimide, cyanate ester, polyimide, and phenolic resins and various toughening methods. The chapter also covers thermoplastic matrix materials and product forms and provides an introduction to the physiochemical tests used to characterize resins and cured laminates.
Book Chapter
Distortion Failures
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.uhcf3.t53630055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-270-9
..., ladders, beams, and columns. Distortion at elevated temperatures, or creep, depends upon the interrelationship between component design and the high-temperature properties of the metal. Types of Distortion Failure Distortion failures may be classified in different ways. One way is to consider them...
Abstract
Distortion failures are readily identified by the inherent change in size and/or shape. They are serious because they can lead to other types of failure or may even cause complete collapse of structures, such as bridges, ladders, beams, and columns. Distortion failures may be classified in different ways. One way is to consider them either as dimensional distortion (growth or shrinkage) or as shape distortion (such as bending, twisting, or buckling). They may also be classified as being either temporary or permanent in nature. This chapter discusses the nature, causes, and effects of all of these types of failures as well as the methods to manage them.
Book Chapter
Forging and Forming
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ttg2.t61120033
EISBN: 978-1-62708-269-3
... assurance functions on titanium alloy forgings. Temperature exposure is critical to titanium forging characteristics as well as to microstructure and resultant mechanical property development. It is also good practice to limit the exposure of titanium alloys to high temperatures to prevent the formation...
Abstract
This chapter provides practical information on the forming and forging processes used to manufacture titanium parts, including die forging, precision die forging, hot and cold forming, superplastic forming, and deep drawing. It explains how process variables such as temperature, pressure, and strain rate influence microstructure and properties and provides recommended ranges for commonly formed and forged titanium alloys.
Book Chapter
Beryllium Intermetallic Compounds
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230131
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
... Abstract This chapter discusses the properties and applications of beryllium intermetallic compounds. It describes the crystal structure of key beryllides, the metals they contain, and important properties such as high-temperature strength, thermal conductivity and expansion, oxidation...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the properties and applications of beryllium intermetallic compounds. It describes the crystal structure of key beryllides, the metals they contain, and important properties such as high-temperature strength, thermal conductivity and expansion, oxidation resistance, and density. It explains how beryllide intermetallics are formed using sputter deposition, diffusion, and powder metal methods.
Book Chapter
Introduction and Uses of Lightweight Materials
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.lmub.t53550001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-307-2
... tensile properties than steel, their specific strength (strength/density) is excellent. Aluminum is easily formed, has high thermal and electrical conductivity, and does not show a ductile-to-brittle transition at low temperatures. It is nontoxic and can be recycled with only approximately 5...
Abstract
Engineers have many materials to choose from when dealing with weight-related design constraints. The list includes aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, and titanium alloys as well as engineering plastics, structural ceramics, and polymer-, metal-, and ceramic-matrix composites. This chapter provides a brief overview of these lightweight materials, discussing their primary advantages along with their properties, behaviors, and limitations.
Book Chapter
Titanium Aluminide Intermetallics
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.lmub.t53550299
EISBN: 978-1-62708-307-2
... ) that are compact and protective. They have low densities, relatively high melting points, and good high-temperature strength properties. Properties of nickel, iron, and titanium aluminides are given in Table 6.1 , and the attributes and upper-use temperatures are shown in Table 6.2 . Properties of nickel, iron...
Abstract
Titanium aluminides are lightweight materials that have relatively high melting points and good high-temperature strength. They also tend to be stronger and lighter than conventional titanium alloys, but considerably less ductile. This chapter begins with a review of the titanium-aluminum phase diagram, focusing on the properties, compositions, and microstructures of alpha-2 Ti3Al alloys. It then describes the properties, microstructures, and compositions of orthorhombic, gamma, and near-gamma alloys as well as the processing methods and procedures normally used in their production.
Book Chapter
Ceramic Matrix Composites
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.scm.t52870573
EISBN: 978-1-62708-314-0
... have many desirable properties, such as high moduli, high compression strengths, high temperature capability, high hardness and wear resistance, low thermal conductivity, and chemical inertness. As shown in Fig. 21.1 , the high-temperature capability of ceramics makes them very attractive materials...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the types of fibers and matrix materials used in ceramic matrix composites and the role of interfacial coatings. It describes the methods used to produce ceramic composites, including powder processing, slurry infiltration and consolidation, polymer infiltration and pyrolysis, chemical vapor infiltration, directed metal oxidation, and liquid silicon infiltration.
Book Chapter
Engineering Plastics
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.lmub.t53550325
EISBN: 978-1-62708-307-2
... the crystals act as cross links. However, at a very high degree of crystallinity, the impact strength usually decreases. The tensile strength of semicrystalline materials generally shows a small decrease when the temperature increases above the T g . Tensile properties decrease only at temperatures near...
Abstract
This chapter describes the molecular structures and chemical reactions associated with the production of thermoset and thermoplastic components. It compares and contrasts the mechanical properties of engineering plastics with those of metals, and explains how fillers and reinforcements affect impact and tensile strength, shrinkage, thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity. It examines the relationship between tensile modulus and temperature, provides thermal property data for selected plastics, and discusses the effect of chemical exposure, operating temperature, and residual stress. The chapter also includes a section on the uses of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and provides information on fabrication processes and fastening and joining methods.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230163
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
... low solubility of these metals in beryllium and the high thermodynamic stability (high melting temperature) of the compounds. The effort did not progress to the point of making large quantities of material on which useful mechanical properties data could be obtained, but this approach holds promise...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the composition, properties, and uses of the most common beryllium alloys and composites. It provides information on beryllium-aluminum, beryllium-copper, and beryllium-titanium as well as beryllium-antimony and beryllium-iron systems.
Book Chapter
Engineering Plastics: An Introduction
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cfap.t69780003
EISBN: 978-1-62708-281-5
.... They can be very important to the properties of the polymer. For reasons that are described later in this article, high-temperature thermoplastic polymers almost invariably have such rings in their backbone. Several important high-temperature thermoplastics are shown in Fig. 17 . Because the aromatic ring...
Abstract
This introductory article describes the various aspects of chemical structure and composition that are important to an understanding of polymer properties and their eventual effect on the end-use performance of engineering plastics, namely thermoplastics and thermosets. The most important properties of polymers and the most significant influences of structure on those properties are covered. The article also includes some general information on the classification and naming of polymers and plastics.
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