Fig. 4 Notch tensile strength of high-strength steel plotted against testing temperature for three strain rates (crosshead speeds, ε ˙ ). Source: Ref 15 More

Fig. 3.13 Strength levels of various grades of high-strength steel and stainless steel (SS) 301LN. YS, yield strength; TS, tensile strength; BH, bake hardenable; HSLA, high strength, low alloy; IF, interstitial free; DP, dual phase; TRIP, transformation-induced plasticity; CP, complex phase More

Fig. 11.2 Mapping vehicle applications to steel grades. HSS, high-strength steel; IF, interstitial free; TWIP, twinning-induced plasticity; TRIP, transformation-induced plasticity; DP, dual phase; CP, complex phase; MS, martensitic; LC, low carbon; HSLA, high strength, low alloy. Source: Ref More

Fig. 12.5 Elastic recovery (springback) in steel. HSS, high-strength steel. Source: Ref 12.2 More

Fig. 7 Stress-corrosion crack in a high-strength steel part (4×). The fracture surface appears to have the characteristic beach mark pattern of a fatigue fracture. However, this was a stress-corrosion fracture in which the pattern was caused by differences in the rate of corrosion penetration More

Fig. 14.7 Fatigue crack growth in a high-strength steel part More

Fig. 14.24 Effects of grinding burns (untempered martensite) on high-strength steel. Source: Ref 12 More

Fig. 11.15 (Part 2) Submerged-arc butt weld in high-strength steel (0.2%C-1.5%Mn) plate. Parent metal: 0.21C-0.20Si-1.50Mn-0.015S (wt%), CE = 0.46. Weld metal: 0.19C-0.30Si-1.62Mn-0.009S (wt%). Two-pass butt weld in plate (double-vee preparation). (a) Weld region. 3% nital 1×. (b) Weld More

Fig. A.15 Flow stress of five advanced high strength steel (AHSS) sheet materials obtained by viscous pressure bulge test. Experimental strain range, bulge test, DP 980: 0.05 to 0.3; bare DP 780: 0.05 to 0.33; DP 780 T-Al type: 0.05 to 0.31; DP 780 Y-type U: 0.05 to 0.35; DP 780 Y-type V: 0.05 More

Fig. 3.1 Location of first-generation advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) in the strength-ductility space. Source: Ref 3.2 More

Fig. 3.8 Stress-strain curves of various grades of high-strength steel (HSS) and SS301LN. Source: Ref 3.5 More

Fig. 4.1 Engineering stress-strain curves for three advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) types. FBDP, ferrite/bainite dual-phase; TRIP, transformation-induced plasticity; TWIP, twinning-induced plasticity. Source: Ref 4.3 More

Fig. 11.1 Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) content in North American light vehicles from 2006–2012. Source: Ref 11.1 More

Fig. 17.1 Location of the third generation of advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) in the strength-ductility space. Source: Ref 17.1 More