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hardenability testing
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Published: 01 January 1998
Fig. 5-32 Results of air-hardenability testing of four air-hardening cold-work die steels. Source: Ref 51
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Published: 01 December 2000
Fig. 5.4(a) End quenching and method of hardness testing the end-quench hardenability specimen. Courtesy of Republic Steel Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio
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Published: 31 December 2020
Fig. 3 Jominy end-quench hardenability test. (a) Standard end-quench test specimen, (b) specimen in a quenching jig.(c) Hardness plot and cooling rate as a function of distance from the quenched end
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in Conventional Heat Treatment—Basic Concepts
> Metallography of Steels: Interpretation of Structure and the Effects of Processing
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 10.46 Arrangement for the Jominy end-quench hardenability test according to SAE J406 or ASTM A255 ( Ref 22 ) standards. Specimen dimensions and all other relevant testing conditions are fixed in the standard so that the cooling rates obtained along the surface of the specimen
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in Conventional Heat Treatment—Basic Concepts
> Metallography of Steels: Interpretation of Structure and the Effects of Processing
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 10.47 The Jominy end-quench hardenability test makes it possible to achieve a large range of cooling rates in a single specimen. In the lower part of the figure, the different cooling rates in a Jominy specimen are superimposed on a TTT diagram (and a CCT diagram, gray). In the upper part
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Published: 01 December 1999
Fig. 5.13 Effect of grain size on the fatigue strength of case-hardened test pieces. Source: Ref 22
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Published: 01 December 1999
Fig. 4.13 Retained austenite and residual stress distributions in case-hardened test pieces. Source: Ref 17
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Published: 01 January 1998
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 May 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hma.t59250059
EISBN: 978-1-62708-287-7
... steels, providing information on hardening, transformation of austenite, hardenability testing, and tempering of as-quenched martensite. austenite transformation automobile industry chromium steels hardenability testing hardening nickel steels nickel-chromium alloy steels tempering...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the evolution of engineering alloy steels, namely chromium, nickel, and nickel-chromium alloy steels. The discussion includes the automotive demand and development of specifications for the alloy steels. It also covers various research on heat treatment of alloy steels, providing information on hardening, transformation of austenite, hardenability testing, and tempering of as-quenched martensite.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.phtbp.t59310079
EISBN: 978-1-62708-326-3
... that influence steel hardenability and selection. The discussion covers processes involved in Jominy end-quench test for evaluating hardenability. The effect of carbon on hardenability data and the effect of alloys on hardenability during quenching and on the tempering response (after hardening) are also...
Abstract
The hardenability of steel is governed almost entirely by the chemical composition (carbon and alloy content) at the austenitizing temperature and the austenite grain size at the moment of quenching. This article introduces the methods to evaluate hardenability and the factors that influence steel hardenability and selection. The discussion covers processes involved in Jominy end-quench test for evaluating hardenability. The effect of carbon on hardenability data and the effect of alloys on hardenability during quenching and on the tempering response (after hardening) are also discussed. In addition, the article provides information on the hardenability limits of H-steels after a note on hardenability correlation curves and Jominy equivalence charts.
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Published: 01 December 2003
Fig. 16 Predicted puncture test response as a function of final material hardening modulus, E 3 . Draw strain, ε d = 0.40, yield stress, σ y = 69 MPa (10 ksi)
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Published: 01 November 2012
Fig. 21 Effect of case depth on fatigue life. Fatigue tests on induction-hardened 1038 steel automobile axle shafts 32 mm (1.25 in.) in diameter. Case depth ranges given on the chart are depths to 40 HRC. Shafts with lower fatigue life had a total case depth to 20 HRC of 4.5 to 5.2 mm (0.176
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Published: 01 November 2012
Fig. 17 Subsurface-origin pit in a carburized and hardened alloy steel test roller caused by fatigue in the manner shown in Fig. 16 . When this specimen was tested in essentially pure rolling, a steep-sided, irregularly shaped pit was formed, and the test was stopped. The extremely high force
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in Special Materials: Polymers, Bone, Ceramics, and Composites
> Fatigue and Durability of Structural Materials
Published: 01 March 2006
Fig. 12.15 Determination of cyclic strain-hardening exponents for three test materials for which the slope of the elastic line is calculated. (a) Polypropylene data ( Ref 12.4 ). (b) Nylon 6/6 ( Ref 12.3 ). (c) Polycarbonate ( Ref 12.3 )
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Published: 01 January 2015
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in Stress Systems Related to Single-Load Fracture of Ductile and Brittle Metals[1]
> Understanding How Components Fail
Published: 30 November 2013
Fig. 8 Compression test of two steel cubes deep case hardened only on the top and bottom surfaces. A compressive force perpendicular to the case-hardened surfaces caused cracking (arrows) in the very hard (66 HRC) cases on both surfaces. The soft, ductile cores simply bulged under
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Published: 30 November 2013
Fig. 3 A subsurface-origin pit in a carburized and hardened alloy steel test roller caused by fatigue in the manner shown in Fig. 2 . When this specimen was tested in essentially pure rolling, a steep-sided, irregularly shaped pit was formed, and the test was stopped. The extremely high force
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Published: 01 March 2006
Fig. 6.26 Characteristic behavior in two-level test for a reversible hardening material. (a) Ideal behavior. (b) Actual behavior of 2024-T-4 aluminum. Source: Ref 6.16
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Published: 01 December 1984
Figure 5-16 Vickers microhardness as a function of test load for five hardened steel test blocks.
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Published: 01 December 1999
Fig. 7.13 Effect of tempering temperature on the alternating bending fatigue strength of 6 mm diam case-hardened test pieces. Carburized at 930 °C for 1 h, water quenched, reheated to 850 °C for 10 minutes, and oil quenched. Note: Ck15 steel was water quenched from 850 °C. Source: Ref 25
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