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Book Chapter
Engineering of Gray Iron Castings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.isceg.t59320103
EISBN: 978-1-62708-332-4
... Abstract This chapter covers mechanical properties, microstructures, chemical compositions, manufacturing processes, and engineering of gating practices for several applications of gray, white, and alloyed cast irons. It begins with a description of material standards, followed by a section...
Abstract
This chapter covers mechanical properties, microstructures, chemical compositions, manufacturing processes, and engineering of gating practices for several applications of gray, white, and alloyed cast irons. It begins with a description of material standards, followed by a section providing information on the practice of stress relieving. Next, the chapter details various ways of eliminating slag entrainment while designing gating and venting systems. Several factors related to the establishment of the optimum pouring rate and time are then covered. Further, the chapter discusses the technology of unalloyed or low-alloyed gray iron castings and white iron and high-alloyed cast irons. Finally, it describes the casting defects that are associated with cast iron and the processes involved in solving these defects. The article includes a number of figures illustrating the topics discussed.
Book Chapter
Gray Irons
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.aub.t61170021
EISBN: 978-1-62708-297-6
... Abstract This article covers the metallurgy and properties of gray irons. It describes the classes or grades of gray iron, the types of applications for which they are suited, and the corresponding compositional ranges. It discusses the role of major, minor, and trace elements, how...
Abstract
This article covers the metallurgy and properties of gray irons. It describes the classes or grades of gray iron, the types of applications for which they are suited, and the corresponding compositional ranges. It discusses the role of major, minor, and trace elements, how they are added, and how they affect various properties, behaviors, and processing characteristics. It explains how silicon, chromium, and nickel, in particular, improve high-temperature, corrosion, and wear performance.
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Mottled gray iron. Dark areas are regions of gray cast irons (the contours ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 August 2018
Fig. 17.64 Mottled gray iron. Dark areas are regions of gray cast irons (the contours are not as clear as in Fig. 17.63 ). The rest of the cross section is white cast iron. Etchant: picral.
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Comparison of properties of gray iron, malleable iron, ductile iron, and st...
Available to Purchase
in Influence of Microstructure on Mechanical Properties and Performance
> Iron and Steel Castings Engineering Guide
Published: 01 January 2022
Fig. 4.12 Comparison of properties of gray iron, malleable iron, ductile iron, and steel. Source: Ref 9
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Mottled pearlitic cast iron. Gray iron at upper left and white iron at lowe...
Available to Purchase
in Origin of Microstructure
> Metallographer’s Guide<subtitle>Practices and Procedures for Irons and Steels</subtitle>
Published: 01 March 2002
Fig. 2.50 Mottled pearlitic cast iron. Gray iron at upper left and white iron at lower right of photo. 4% picral etch. 250×
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Typical microstructures of four types of cast iron. (a) Gray iron showing g...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 2 Typical microstructures of four types of cast iron. (a) Gray iron showing graphite flakes (black) in a pearlite matrix. 380×. (b) White cast iron showing massive carbides (white) and pearlite. 380×. Malleable iron showing graphite nodules in a ferrite matrix. 380×. (d) Ductile iron
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Cross sections of laser-melted cast iron surfaces. (a) Gray iron. (b) Ducti...
Available to Purchase
in Surface Engineering to Change the Surface Metallurgy
> Surface Engineering for Corrosion and Wear Resistance
Published: 01 March 2001
Fig. 2 Cross sections of laser-melted cast iron surfaces. (a) Gray iron. (b) Ductile iron. Source: Ref 3
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Relations between observed and converted hardness values for gray iron. Sou...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
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Room-temperature hardness of gray iron normalizing. Effect of temperature a...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 5 Room-temperature hardness of gray iron normalizing. Effect of temperature at start of air cooling on hardness of normalized gray iron rings 120 mm (4¾ in.) in outside diam 95 mm (3¾ in.) in inside diam and 38 mm (1¾ in.) in length. Source: Ref 5 , 6
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Influence of alloy content on hardness of quenched and tempered gray iron t...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2006
Fig. 6 Influence of alloy content on hardness of quenched and tempered gray iron test castings. Castings were normalized to the same hardness range before being austenitized for hardening and were oil quenched from 850 °C (1560 °F). Source: Ref 5 , 6
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Published: 01 June 2008
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Growth of four gray irons produced from the same base iron (3.3% C, 2.2% Si...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2001
Fig. 8 Growth of four gray irons produced from the same base iron (3.3% C, 2.2% Si) and tested at 455 °C (850 °F) in air. Source: Ref 12
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Growth of six gray irons and one ductile iron tested at 540 °C (1000 °F) in...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2001
Fig. 9 Growth of six gray irons and one ductile iron tested at 540 °C (1000 °F) in air. Source: Ref 17
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Effect of molybdenum on the stress to produce rupture in 100 h in gray iron...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2001
Fig. 19 Effect of molybdenum on the stress to produce rupture in 100 h in gray irons at various temperatures. (a) Unalloyed base iron. (b) 0.6% Cr alloyed base iron. Source: Ref 20
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Published: 01 March 2006
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Published: 01 March 2006
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Stress–strain relationship of gray iron (class 35) in tension and compressi...
Available to Purchase
in Influence of Microstructure on Mechanical Properties and Performance
> Iron and Steel Castings Engineering Guide
Published: 01 January 2022
Fig. 4.13 Stress–strain relationship of gray iron (class 35) in tension and compression. Source: Ref 1
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in Influence of Microstructure on Mechanical Properties and Performance
> Iron and Steel Castings Engineering Guide
Published: 01 January 2022
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Published: 01 January 2022
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General guide for minimum wall thicknesses of gray iron and steel castings....
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2022
Fig. 6.25 General guide for minimum wall thicknesses of gray iron and steel castings. Source: Ref 3
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