Fig. 6.15 Fracture morphologies of fracture surfaces of 4340 steel CVN specimens heat treated as: (a) oil quenched and tempered at 200 °C (390 °F) and (b) isothermally transformed at 430 °C (810 °F). Source: Ref 6.16 More

Fig. 19.11 Percent of intergranular fracture on CVN specimen fracture surfaces as a function of tempering temperature for fully austenitized and quenched 52100 steel and 4340 steel. Shaded regions show fracture after tempering at temperatures usually used to produce high strength More

Fig. 2.26 Fracture markings on plexiglass. TEM, matching fracture surfaces. Note the matching features A , A ′ and B , B ′ on the two fracture faces. The parabola markings are similar to the plastic dimples observed in a tear ductile fracture of a metallic material. Source: Ref 2.14 More

Fig. 15.39 Fracture morphologies of fracture surfaces of 4340 steel Charpy V-notch specimens heat treated as: (a) oil quenched and tempered at 200 °C (390 °F), and (b) isothermally transformed at 430 °C (810 °F). Source: Ref 15.24 as published in Ref 15.19 More

Fig. CH44.7 Fracture surfaces of some of the T-headed bolts. Gross features of fracture indicate shear loads. More

Fig. 11.6 Ductile and brittle fracture surfaces. (a) Mixture of coarse and fine depressions or dimples characteristic of ductile fracture surfaces. Some flat cleavage facets are shown in bottom of micrograph. (b) Flat fracture surface facets characteristic of brittle cleavage fracture More

Fig. 7.29 Micrographs showing the fracture surfaces of the halves of a broken Charpy specimen mounted in epoxy. (a) Fracture surface plated with electroless nickel. (b) Fracture surface unplated. Note the excellent edge retention of the plated fracture surface. 2% nital etch. 500× More

Fig. 21.20 Overload case fracture surfaces in carburized 8620 steel (a) quenched directly after carburizing at 927 °C (1700 °F) and (b) reheated to 788 °C (1450 °F). Both specimens tempered at 145 °C (300 °F). Scanning electron micrographs. Source: Ref 21.37 More

Fig. 16.7 Fracture surfaces of gray cast iron (3.5% C, 2% Si) revealed in SEM micrographs. (a) Type A (flake). Original magnification: 220×. (b) Type A (flake) at a dendrite. Original magnification: 600×. (c) Type D. Original magnification: 1000×. Source: Ref 16.4 More

Fig. 12.2 Schematic of fracture surfaces for an inherently ductile material with variation in fracture toughness and with variations in section thickness ( B ) or preexisting crack length ( a ). With an increase in either section thickness ( B ) or preexisting crack length ( a ), conditions More

Fig. 44 Fracture surfaces of the jack pad showing location of the origins. Original magnification: 2× More

Fig. 6 Fracture surfaces of SAE 4140 impact testpieces. Tested at room temperature, right, and at –196°C, left More

Fig. 33 Scanning electron micrographs of overload case fracture surfaces in carburized SAE 8620 steel. (a) Quenched directly after carburizing at 927 °C (1700 °F). (b) Reheated to 788 °C (1450 °F). Both specimens were tempered at 145 °C (300 °F). More

Fig. 18.16 Sectioning allowed partial exposure of the fracture surfaces of the crack in Fig. 18.15 . Note the radial line pattern converging at the surface site of crack initiation just above the “3” on the ruler. Source: Ref 18.53 More

Fig. 4.23 Illumination arrangement recommended for fracture surfaces and other nonplanar surfaces (arrangement E in the text). More

Fig. 4 Macrographs of primary fracture surfaces. (a) Strain bar, with maximum depth of fatigue at arrow (4.24 mm, or 0.167 in.), looking forward. Original magnification: 2.4×. (b) T-head, with maximum depth of fatigue at arrow (2.90 mm, or 0.114 in.), looking aft. Original magnification: 2.2× More

Fig. 6 SEM fractographs of the fracture surfaces of cracks 1 and 2 in the strain bar. (a) Fracture surface of crack 1, showing typical fatigue zones at arrows (750 μm). (b) Typical fatigue striations in crack 1 fatigue zones (30 μm). (c) Fracture surface at crack 2 of the strain bar, showing More

Fig. 18 Fracture surfaces. (a) Circumferential crack 1 (4.3 mm). (b) Circumferential crack 2 (4.3 mm). (c) Longitudinal crack (5 mm) More

Fig. 20 Fracture surfaces of an aluminum alloy lug. Fractures originated by SCC on the surface of a diametrical hole, at A and B. The crack was then propagated by fatigue, as evidenced by the presence of beach marks at C More

Fig. 2 Mating fracture surfaces of pipe or tube welds showing imperfections detectable by eddy current inspection, (a) unwelded spot (diagonal arrows) and a nonpenetrating pinhole (horizontal arrows); (b) unwelded spots, probably caused by entrapped foreign matter; (c) surface crack in weld More