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H. Assadi, F. Gärtner, T. Klassen
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Published: 01 January 2022
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Published: 30 September 2023
Image
Hydrodynamic lubrication, illustrating (a) fluid flow velocity profile betw...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 September 2023
Figure 5.18: Hydrodynamic lubrication, illustrating (a) fluid flow velocity profile between two parallel plates, with the top plate moving with velocity u relative to the top plate; (b) squeeze film produced by approaching surfaces; (c) externally applied pressure, or hydrostatic lubrication
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Image
Operating of a 4/3 directional control valve: (a) pressurized fluid flowing...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 August 2012
Fig. 12.6 Operating of a 4/3 directional control valve: (a) pressurized fluid flowing to port B, and (b) pressurized fluid directed back to the reservoir. Source: Ref 12.13
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Book Chapter
Modeling and Simulation of Cold Spray
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hpcspa.t54460067
EISBN: 978-1-62708-285-3
..., methods, and outcome of modeling and simulation of particle impact and of in-flight history of particles in cold spraying. The concept of integration of particle impact and fluid flow modeling to optimize cold spray deposition for a given material is also explained. high-pressure cold spray process...
Abstract
The modeling and simulation activities in the field of high-pressure cold spray can be divided into two main parts: solid mechanics and fluid dynamics. This chapter focuses on these parts of modeling work in cold spray research. The discussion covers the objective, principal concepts, methods, and outcome of modeling and simulation of particle impact and of in-flight history of particles in cold spraying. The concept of integration of particle impact and fluid flow modeling to optimize cold spray deposition for a given material is also explained.
Book Chapter
Introduction
Available to PurchaseBook: Principles of Brazing
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pb.t51230001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-351-5
..., fluid flow, filler spreading characteristics, surface roughness of components, dissolution of parent materials, new phase formations, significance of the joint gap, and the strength of metals. The chapter also describes issues in processing aspects that must be considered when designing a joint...
Abstract
Brazing and soldering jointly represent one of several methods for joining solid materials. This chapter summarizes the principal characteristics of the various joining methods. It then discusses key parameters of brazing including surface energy and tension, wetting and contact angle, fluid flow, filler spreading characteristics, surface roughness of components, dissolution of parent materials, new phase formations, significance of the joint gap, and the strength of metals. The chapter also describes issues in processing aspects that must be considered when designing a joint, and the health, safety, and environmental aspects of brazing.
Book Chapter
Understanding the Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.caaa.t67870025
EISBN: 978-1-62708-299-0
... and describes the conditions and circumstances under which their natural defenses break down. It discusses the causes and forms of corrosion observed in aluminum alloys and the effect of composition, microstructure, processing history, and environmental variables such as impurities, fluid flow, surface area...
Abstract
Aluminum generally has excellent resistance to corrosion and gives years of maintenance-free service in natural atmospheres, fresh waters, seawater, many soils and chemicals, and most foods. This chapter explains why aluminum and aluminum alloys are naturally resistant to corrosion and describes the conditions and circumstances under which their natural defenses break down. It discusses the causes and forms of corrosion observed in aluminum alloys and the effect of composition, microstructure, processing history, and environmental variables such as impurities, fluid flow, surface area, pressure, and temperature.
Book Chapter
Weldability Testing
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.wip.t65930023
EISBN: 978-1-62708-359-1
... Abstract This article describes the weldability tests that are used to evaluate the effects of welding on such properties and characteristics as base-metal and weld-metal cracking; base-metal and weld-metal ductility; weld penetration; and weld pool shape and fluid flow. It also describes...
Abstract
This article describes the weldability tests that are used to evaluate the effects of welding on such properties and characteristics as base-metal and weld-metal cracking; base-metal and weld-metal ductility; weld penetration; and weld pool shape and fluid flow. It also describes several weldability tests for evaluating cracking susceptibility, classified as self-restraint or externally loaded tests. The article discusses the processes, advantages, and disadvantages of the weld pool shape tests, the weld penetration tests, and the Gleeble test.
Book Chapter
Introduction
Available to PurchaseBook: Principles of Soldering
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 April 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ps.t62440001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-352-2
... of these joining methods. It presents a comparison between solders and brazes. Further details on pressure welding and diffusion bonding are also provided. Key parameters of soldering are discussed, including surface energy and surface tension, wetting and contact angle, fluid flow, filler spreading...
Abstract
Soldering and brazing represent one of several types of methods for joining solid materials. These methods may be classified as mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding, soldering and brazing, welding, and solid-state joining. This chapter summarizes the principal characteristics of these joining methods. It presents a comparison between solders and brazes. Further details on pressure welding and diffusion bonding are also provided. Key parameters of soldering are discussed, including surface energy and surface tension, wetting and contact angle, fluid flow, filler spreading characteristics, surface roughness of components, dissolution of parent materials and intermetallic growth, significance of the joint gap, and the strength of metals. The chapter also examines the principal aspects related to the design and application of soldering processes.
Image
Monitoring of corrosion in drilling fluids versus flow conditions. LPR, lin...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2015
Fig. 22 Monitoring of corrosion in drilling fluids versus flow conditions. LPR, linear polarization resistance; Pitting Factor values, defined as the standard deviation of the corrosion current divided by the mean corrosion current, ≥0.1 indicate active pitting conditions.
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Image
Illustration of the application of susceptors for heating electrically nonc...
Available to Purchase
in Flux Concentrators, Shields, and Susceptors
> Elements of Induction Heating: Design, Control, and Applications
Published: 01 June 1988
Fig. 9.12 Illustration of the application of susceptors for heating electrically nonconductive fluids flowing through ceramic or glass pipes. The susceptors are heated by induction, and the fluid by conduction of heat from the susceptors
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Image
Effects of cutting-fluid composition and delivery rate on tool life in cutt...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 September 2023
Figure 13.36: Effects of cutting-fluid composition and delivery rate on tool life in cutting of Ti-6Al-4V with carbide tools (K20 carbide, f = 0.25 mm, d = 1.5 mm, v = 60 m/min, fluid flow = 1.7 L/min, unless otherwise indicated)
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Image
Comparison between measured and predicted rates of spreading by molten sold...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 April 2004
Fig. 1.16 Comparison between measured and predicted rates of spreading by molten solder. The large discrepancy arises because the models are based on fluid flow and do not take into account the metallurgical driving force for spreading.
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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.smff.t53400181
EISBN: 978-1-62708-316-4
... , 12.8 , 12.10 ). Reservoir Hydraulic fluid is stored in a reservoir (also called a tank). The reservoir should be large enough to contain the fluid used in the press. It has several openings to allow flow of hydraulic fluid and air ( Fig. 12.2a ): Intake (suction) line, feeding the pump...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the design and operation of hydraulic presses. It begins by describing the role of each major component in a hydraulic system. It then explains the difference between pump-driven and accumulator-driven presses and the types of applications for which are suited. The chapter goes on to describe the load, energy, and time-dependent characteristics of hydraulic presses and the factors that determine accuracy. It also explains how hydraulic presses are used for deep drawing, fine blanking, and hydroforming as well as warm forming and hot stamping operations.
Book Chapter
Cushion Systems for Sheet Metal Forming
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.smff.t53400203
EISBN: 978-1-62708-316-4
.... The pressure inside the displacement cylinder is controlled by the fluid flow from the cylinder, which is regulated by valve on the hydraulic control block (14). In Fig. 13.10 , two displacement cylinders equally share the applied BHF and control the motion of the blank holder during the forward stroke...
Abstract
This chapter describes the various types of cushion systems used in forming presses and their effect on part quality. It begins with a review of the deep drawing process, explaining that wrinkling, tearing, and fracture are the result of excess or insufficient material flow, which can be prevented by maintaining the correct amount of holding force on the periphery of the blank. It then describes how blank holding force is generated in double-action presses and the extent to which displacement profiles can be adjusted on both the inner and outer slides. The discussion then turns to single-action presses that incorporate some type of cushion system. The chapters describes the many ways that cushion systems are implemented in forming presses and the force and displacement characteristics achievable with each method. It also explains how multipoint cushion systems are designed and how they facilitate uniform metal flow into the die cavity of large deep-drawn parts.
Book Chapter
Quench System Design
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.piht2.t55050335
EISBN: 978-1-62708-311-9
... the water flow requirement. Most quench systems use centrifugal pumps, which are sized by pressure drop and fluid flow requirements. The sizing of the pump versus the operating pressure is important not only for maximizing flow but also for producing long motor life. A given centrifugal pump supplying...
Abstract
This appendix discusses the sizing, scaling, and configuration requirements of the basic components in a quench cooling system, including tanks, pumps, hoses, and inlet and outlet fixtures and the materials from which they are made.
Book Chapter
Forging
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2023
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.stmflw.t59390325
EISBN: 978-1-62708-459-8
... change with time, further complicating the analysis of friction and wear. This chapter provides a qualitative and quantitative overview of the mechanics and tribology of forging in all of its forms. It discusses the effects of friction, pressures, forces, and temperature on the deformation and flow...
Abstract
Forging is a deformation process achieved through the application of compressive stresses. During the stroke, pressures and velocities are continuously changing and the initial lubricant supply must suffice for the duration of the operation. Lubricant residues and pickup products also change with time, further complicating the analysis of friction and wear. This chapter provides a qualitative and quantitative overview of the mechanics and tribology of forging in all of its forms. It discusses the effects of friction, pressures, forces, and temperature on the deformation and flow of metals in open-die, closed-die, and impression-die forging and in back extrusion and piercing operations. It presents various ways to achieve fluid-film lubrication in upset forging processes and examines the cause of barreling, defect formation, and folding in the upsetting of cylinders, rings, and slabs. It also explains how to evaluate lubricants, friction, and wear under hot, cold, and warm forging conditions and how to extend die life and reduce defects when processing different materials.
Book Chapter
Elevated-Temperature Failures
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.uhcf3.t53630237
EISBN: 978-1-62708-270-9
... the fluids contact the metal surfaces. The nature of fluid contact is most important in certain types of parts that have high gas or liquid flow rates at elevated temperature, which can cause erosion problems. Corrosion and Corrosion-Erosion Certain types of parts function in environments where high...
Abstract
Elevated-temperature failures are the most complex type of failure because all of the modes of failures can occur at elevated temperatures (with the obvious exception of low-temperature brittle fracture). Elevated-temperature problems are real concerns in industrial applications. The principal types of elevated-temperature failure mechanisms discussed in this chapter are creep, stress rupture, overheating failure, elevated-temperature fatigue, thermal fatigue, metallurgical instabilities, and environmentally induced failure. The causes, features, and effects of these failures are discussed. The cooling techniques for preventing elevated-temperature failures are also covered.
Book Chapter
Concurrent Engineering
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sch6.t68200133
EISBN: 978-1-62708-354-6
... with radiographic inspection results. Their quick response and user friendliness are important factors in regards to Concurrent Engineering. Fluid Flow Simulation Another major consideration to the foundry engineer is that of designing mold filling methods that will minimize a large array of casting quality...
Abstract
This chapter gives an overview of how steel castings may be effectively adapted to modern concurrent engineering processes. The chapter discusses computer aided design programs, solid modeling, solidification simulation programs, and rapid prototyping.
Book Chapter
Designing to Minimize Corrosion
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030235
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
... fabrication Operating stress—static, variable, alternating Shape Joints, flanges Crevices, deposits Liquid containment and entrapment Compatibility Metals with metals Metals with other materials Quality control Movement Flowing fluids Parts moving in fluids Two-phase fluids...
Abstract
This chapter focuses on various factors to be considered at design stage to minimize corrosion. It begins by providing information on design considerations and general corrosion awareness. This is followed by a description of several factors influencing materials-component failure. Details on design and materials selection, which assist in controlling corrosion, are then provided. The chapter ends with a discussion on the design factors that influence corrosion.
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