This chapter covers a wide range of finishing and coating operations, including cleaning, honing, polishing and buffing, and lapping. It discusses the use of rust-preventative compounds, conversion coatings, and plating metals as well as weld overlay, thermal spray, and ceramic coatings and various pack cementation and deposition processes. It also discusses the selection and use of industrial paints and paint application methods.

This chapter describes the processes involved in the fabrication of wrought and cast metal products. It discusses deformation processes including bending and forming, material removal processes such as milling, cutting, and grinding, and joining methods including welding, soldering, and brazing. It also discusses powder consolidation, rolling, drawing and extrusion, and common forging methods.

Metal removal processes for gear manufacture can be grouped into two general categories: rough machining (or gear cutting) and finishing (or high-precision machining). This chapter discusses the processes involved in machining for bevel and other gears. The chapter describes the type of gear as the major variable and discusses the machining methods best suited to specific conditions. Next, the chapter provides information on gear cutter material and nominal speeds and feeds for gear hobbing. Further, it describes the cutting fluids recommended for gear cutting and presents a comparison of steels for gear cutting. The operating principles of computer numerical control and hobbing machines are also covered. This is followed by sections that discuss the processes involved in grinding, honing, and lapping of gears. Finally, the chapter provides information on the superfinishing of gears.

Superalloys are susceptible to damage from a variety of surface contaminants. They may also require special surface finishes for subsequent processing steps such as coating applications. This chapter describes some of the cleaning and finishing procedures that have been developed for superalloys and how they work. It discusses the effect of metallic contaminants, tarnish, oxide, and scale and how they can be detected and removed. It also discusses chemical and mechanical surface finishing techniques and where they are used, and presents several application examples.

Cleaning procedures serve to remove scale, tarnish films, and other contaminants that form or are otherwise deposited on the surface of titanium during processing operations such as hot working and heat treatment. This chapter explains what makes titanium susceptible to the formation of scale and how it can be removed via belt grinding, abrasive blasting, and molten salt descaling baths. It also discusses the role of acid pickling, barrel finishing, polishing, and buffing as well as the use of chemical conversion coatings and protective platings.

After pouring, castings are allowed to solidify and cool. They are later removed from the molds in the shakeout operation. A series of activities then follow, which are generally referred to as finishing and heat treatment. These activities can be broadly categorized as shakeout, abrasive blast cleaning, removal of risers, ingates, and discontinuities, rough inspection, removal of discontinuities, finishing welding, heat treatment, and final visual, dimensional, and NDT inspection. This chapter provides a detailed discussion on these activities.

This chapter discusses the functions of surface treatments important for stainless steel, namely the removal of oxide scale and cleaning, brightening, and coloring of the stainless surface. Details on the main methods of producing aesthetic surface finishes are also provided.