Brazes for carat gold jewelry must meet or exceed the fineness/caratage of the component piece parts of the assembly in order for it to meet the national fineness/caratage standards and marking or hallmarking regulations for jewelry. This chapter concentrates on brazes for gold jewelry. It provides understanding of the metallurgy of gold jewelry alloys and includes a discussion of brazes for carat gold jewelry. The chapter also provides information on traditional gold jewelry brazes, the target properties of filler metals for carat gold jewelry and describes the characteristics of novel 22 carat gold solders.

This appendix is a collection of tables listing the chemical compositions of wrought ferritic steels; wrought stainless steels; cast corrosion- and heat-resistant alloys; wrought iron-, nickel-, and cobalt-base alloys; cast nickel- and cobalt-base alloys; oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloys; and iron-, nickel- and cobalt-base filler metals.

Brazing and soldering processes use a molten filler metal to wet the mating surfaces of a joint, with or without the aid of a fluxing agent, leading to the formation of a metallurgical bond between the filler and the respective components. This chapter discusses the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of brazing and soldering. The first part focuses on the fundamentals of the brazing process and provides information on filler metals and specific brazing methods. The soldering portion of the chapters provides information on solder alloys used, selection criteria for base metal, the processes involved in precleaning and surface preparation, types of fluxes used, solder joint design, and solder heating methods.

This chapter covers the welding characteristics of titanium along with the factors that determine which welding method is most appropriate for a given application. It discusses the joinability of titanium alloys, the effect of heat on microstructure, the cause of various defects, and the need for contaminant-free surfaces and atmospheres. It describes common forms of fusion, arc, and solid-state welding along with the use of filler metals, shielding gases, and stress-relief treatments. It also discusses the practice of titanium brazing and the role of filler metals.

Superalloys, except those with high aluminum and titanium contents, are welded with little difficulty. They can also be successfully brazed. This chapter describes the welding and brazing processes most often used and the factors that must be considered when making application decisions. It discusses the basic concepts of fusion welding and the differences between solid-solution-hardened and precipitation-hardened wrought superalloys. It addresses joint integrity, design, weld-related cracking, and the effect of grain size, precipitates, and contaminants. It covers common fusion welding techniques, defect prevention, fixturing, heat treatments, and general practices, including the use of filler metals. It also discusses several solid-state welding methods, superplastic forming, and transient liquid phase bonding, a type of diffusion welding process. The chapter includes extensive information on brazing processes, atmospheres, filler metals, and surface preparation procedures. It also includes examples of nickel-base welded components for aerospace use.