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Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.spsp2.t54410039
EISBN: 978-1-62708-265-5
... The microstructure of carbon steel is largely determined by the transformation of austenite to ferrite, cementite, and pearlite. This chapter focuses on the microstructures produced by diffusion-controlled transformations that occur at relatively low cooling rates. It describes the conditions...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.spsp2.t54410277
EISBN: 978-1-62708-265-5
... This chapter describes heat treatments that produce uniform grain structures, reduce residual stresses, and improve ductility and machinability. It also discusses spheroidizing treatments that improve strength and toughness by promoting dispersions of spherical carbides in a ferrite matrix...
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Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 9.67 Widmanstätten ferrite in a medium carbon steel. The ferrite plates in this case are disposed at an angle of 60° in the prior austenitic grain. Etchant: aqua regia. More
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Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 17.34 Gray cast iron with ferrite dendrites. Ferrite is formed due to graphitization during cooling in the solid state. Distribution D graphite. Etchant: picral. More
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Published: 01 January 2015
Fig. 7.14 Schematic diagram of intragranular acicular ferrite (IAF) and other ferrite morphologies in weld metal. Source: Ref 7.28 More
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Published: 01 March 2002
Fig. 8.18 A dual-phase steel showing epitaxial ferrite (new ferrite) at prior austenite grain boundaries. The epitaxial ferrite formed when the steel was heated into the two-phase region. Austenite formed at the grain boundaries, and ferrite transformed epitaxially on the old ferrite upon More
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Published: 01 March 2002
Fig. 8.36 Epitaxial ferrite in a dual-phase steel. The epitaxial ferrite is surrounding regions of martensite (dark-appearing constituent) (see arrows). Matrix is ferrite. Sodium metabisulfite tint etch. 1000× More
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Published: 01 August 1999
Fig. 5.16 (Part 3) Ferrite-pearlite banding. (i) Pancake arrangement of ferrite and pearlite bands in banded plate. (j) Variation of manganese and silicon contents across representative ferrite-pearlite bands in the specimen shown in Fig. 5.16 (Part 2) (e) . Determined by EPMA. More
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Published: 01 March 2002
Fig. 2.14 A form of ferrite called Widmanstätten ferrite in a coarse-grained AISI/SAE 1025 steel. 4% picral etch. 100× More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.spsp2.t54410113
EISBN: 978-1-62708-265-5
... This chapter describes the ferritic microstructures that form in carbon steels under continuous cooling conditions. It begins with a review of the Dubé classification system for crystal morphologies. It then explains how cooling-rate-induced changes involving carbon atom diffusion...
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Published: 01 December 2006
Fig. 8 Preferential corrosion of the vermicular ferrite phase in austenitic stainless steel weld metal. Discrete ferrite pools that are intact can be seen in the lower right; black areas in the upper left are voids where ferrite has been attacked. Electrolytically etched with 10% ammonium More
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Published: 01 December 2006
Fig. 31 Micrograph showing preferential attack of δ-ferrite stringers in type 316L stainless steel weld metal. 250×. Source: Ref 18 More
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Published: 01 December 2006
Fig. 7 Effect of ferrite-austenite balance on pitting resistance of Fe-22Cr-5.5Ni-3.0Mo-0.12N gas tungsten arc stainless steel welds. Source: Ref 3 More
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Published: 01 December 2006
Fig. 11 Preferential corrosion of the ferrite phase in the weld metal of Ferralium alloy 255 gas tungsten arc welds in 10% FeCl 3 at room temperature. Base metal was 3.2 mm (⅛ in.) thick. More
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Published: 01 June 1988
Fig. 9.2 Flux concentrators made from a machinable form of ferrite that are used for induction heating applications Source: R. S. Ruffini and Associates, Inc. More
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Published: 01 December 1999
Fig. 5.9 Variation of hardness with ferrite grain size. Source: Ref 18 More
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Published: 30 April 2021
Fig. 7.3 Ferrite grains as the matrix for graphite flakes in a low-strength gray cast iron (500×) More
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Published: 01 August 2015
Fig. 5.13 Microstructure of pearlite and ferrite. 0.55% carbon steel slow cooled to form ferrite and pearlite. Picral etch. 500×. Source: Ref 8 More
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Published: 01 June 2007
Fig. 7.1 Solid-solution hardening effect of various alloying elements in ferrite. Source: Ref 1 More
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Published: 01 December 1999
Fig. 2.12 Influence of decarburization on hardness profiles. F, ferrite; B, bainite; M, martensite; A, austenite. (a) Severe decarburization. (b) Slight decarburization. (c) No decarburization More