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Published: 01 November 2012
Fig. 45 Fatigue crack nucleation sites in Ti-6Al-4V. (a) Fully lamellar microstructure. (b) Fully equiaxed microstructure. (c) Duplex microstructure. Source: Ref 27 More
Image
Published: 01 December 2000
Fig. 12.19 Fatigue crack nucleation sites in Ti-6Al-4V alpha-beta alloy. (a) Fully lamellar microstructure. (b) Fully equiaxed microstructure. (c) Duplex microstructure More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.emea.t52240243
EISBN: 978-1-62708-251-8
..., a large enough variation or fluctuation in the applied stress, and a sufficiently large number of cycles of the applied stress. The discussion covers high-cycle fatigue, low-cycle fatigue, and fatigue crack propagation. The chapter then discusses the stages where fatigue crack nucleation and growth occurs...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.wip.t65930141
EISBN: 978-1-62708-359-1
... weldment using extensive experimental data and a computer model that simulates the fatigue resistance of weldments. Next, the process of fatigue in weldments is discussed in general terms, and the service conditions that favor long crack growth and the conditions that favor crack nucleation are contrasted...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 September 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.fahtsc.t51130151
EISBN: 978-1-62708-284-6
... be observed, occurred from the bottom of the tooth, propagating toward the internal diameter. The visual aspect of the cracked surface is an indication that the crack occurred by nucleation and propagation of the cracks through cyclic efforts (fatigue) of the unidirectional type. The final crack happened...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ffub.t53610209
EISBN: 978-1-62708-303-4
... and lead to early crack nucleation. This detrimental effect can be reduced substantially by lowering the impurity levels. This is illustrated in Fig. 35 , which shows that a significant improvement in the high-cycle fatigue life of 7075 alloy is obtained by lowering the iron and silicon content (7475...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 September 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.fahtsc.t51130111
EISBN: 978-1-62708-284-6
... instigating, appears, requiring a broad knowledge of materials science. In the following topics, a brief overview is given about the main mechanisms and factors influencing the fatigue life of a component during both the nucleation and crack propagation phases. Fatigue Crack Initiation Generally...
Image
Published: 01 December 2003
Fig. 13 Optical micrographs showing the nucleation and growth of a mode I fatigue crack in the plane of the notch as a result of cyclic compression loading in high-impact polystyrene. (a) Crazing before fatigue cycling. (b) Nucleation of fatigue crack after 15,000 cycles. (c) Crack growth More
Image
Published: 01 July 1997
Fig. 1 Metallic fatigue. The stages of fatigue include cyclic slip (crack nucleation) and stage I and stage II crack growth. More
Image
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 29 Complete cross-sectional fracture surface of the intermediate I axle. The white arrow shows the nucleating site of the fatigue crack. The surface generated by the fatigue crack propagation is identified by “F,” while the final fracture of the remaining section is indicated by “FF.” More
Image
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 14 Fatigue striations in (a) interstitial-free steel and (b) aluminum alloy AA2024-T42. (c) Fatigue fracture surface of a cast aluminum alloy where a fatigue crack was nucleated from a casting defect, presenting solidification dendrites on the surface. Arrow at top right indicates fatigue More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ffub.t53610147
EISBN: 978-1-62708-303-4
... Crack Nucleation and Growth Fatigue cracks generally initiate in a highly stressed region of a component subjected to cyclic stresses of sufficient magnitude. The crack propagates under the applied stress through the material until complete fracture results. On the microscopic scale, the most...
Image
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 27 (a) General view of the probable initial region of crack nucleation by fatigue crack. (b) Magnification of the region in the box at the left in (a). (c) Magnification of the region in the box at the right in (a) More
Image
Published: 01 September 2008
Fig. 15 Aspect of the fracture surface showing that approximately 30% of the longitudinal section had been taken over by the cracks diffused by fatigue. Many subsuperficial casting defects were also observed where the nucleation of the cracks started. More
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cfap.t69780238
EISBN: 978-1-62708-281-5
... is generally practiced. The total-life approach is used with unnotched specimens that are assumed to be defect free, and this methodology is predicated on the notion that fatigue failure is a consequence of both crack nucleation and subsequent growth. Conversely, the defect-tolerant approach bases the fatigue...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ffub.t53610001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-303-4
... materials. The fatigue process has proved to be very difficult to study. Nonetheless, extensive progress on understanding the phases of fatigue has been made in the last 100 years or so. It now is generally agreed that four distinct phases of fatigue may occur: Crack nucleation Structurally...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mnm2.t53060385
EISBN: 978-1-62708-261-7
... of fatigue into separate stages was based on early research with certain metals (such as aluminum alloys) that exhibited a distinct transition in the fatigue cracking of smooth specimens. During repetitive stressing of smooth specimens, fatigue cracks nucleated and coalesced by slip plane fracture, extending...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.fibtca.t52430325
EISBN: 978-1-62708-253-2
... of constraint such as tube penetrations into headers or pipes, welds, and attachments or supports are prone to fatigue failure, normally showing crack initiation at the OD of the tube. Mechanical Fatigue Mechanical fatigue is defined as fracture under fluctuating mechanical stresses having a maximum...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ffub.t53610415
EISBN: 978-1-62708-303-4
..., sometimes intergranular cracking may not be readily discernible on the surface of a brittle stress-rupture fracture due to a buildup of surface oxides. Intergranular creep fracture depends on the nucleation, growth, and subsequent linking of voids on grain boundaries to form two types of cavities: wedge...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.spsp2.t54410499
EISBN: 978-1-62708-265-5
... and Embrittlement Phenomena in Steels,” and several cases of intergranular cracking have been reported in induction-hardened steels. One study documented intergranular fracture in induction-hardened axles of a modified 1050 steel under conditions of bending overload and rotating bending fatigue ( Ref 21.14...