Search Results for electric vehicles

Iron and steel have been the most useful materials to meet the needs of several industries for many decades. Each iron and steel alloy offers unique attributes that make them the best choice for an application. This chapter provides an overview of each ferrous alloy—gray iron, malleable iron, compacted graphite iron (CGI), ductile iron, austempered ductile iron (ADI), and carbon steel and low-alloy steel; its versatile attributes; and its individual applications. A large section of the chapter covers the impact of electric vehicles on the future of the iron and steel castings industry, including discussion on electric vehicle categories and weights; impact of center of gravity on stability and steering; lightweighting incentives; and engineering for improved suspension.

This chapter explains how powder metallurgy technologies are being leveraged for the production of automotive components, electric motors, rare-earth permanent magnets, and the infrastructure for high-speed rail transport.

Advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) are best used for strong structural applications where lightweighting enhances the performance of a product. This chapter focuses on the applications of AHSS in the automotive industry. It explains the effect of automotive processing on AHSS components. The chapter also presents the nonautomotive applications of AHSS. It also provides the uses and trends of AHSS.

This chapter discusses ultra-high-strength steels (UHSS) and gigapascal (GPa) steels and discusses the global formability diagram.

Casting is one of the most economical manufacturing processes for providing shape to components of machinery and is used in a wide range of industries. This chapter is a brief account of the advantages, applications, limitations, and market growth of aluminum casting. It also provides information on the process of conversion of steel and iron parts to aluminum.

This chapter reviews the nomenclature of different vehicle components helpful in identifying the target applications and discusses the implementation of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) in automotive and nonautomotive industries. In addition, the chapter provides information on the utilization and trends of AHSS in vehicle bodies and closures.

This chapter presents a review of some of the global development and deployment of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). It discusses collaboration projects between government, industry, and academia and summarizes research that has focused on the influence of alloy composition on the microstructure evolution during plastic deformation and the resulting mechanical properties.

This chapter presents a discussion on the importance, types, applications, and advantages of advanced high-strength steel. It also provides a discussion on steelmaking technology.

A large portion of cast and wrought product production is directed to the ground transportation market. Aluminum castings, extrusions, forgings, and rolled products all find wide application for trucks, trains, subways, and buses and are discussed in this chapter.

This chapter focuses on the sustainability metrics of advanced high-strength steels. It presents a discussion on CO 2 emissions and energy intensity. The chapter provides an overview on the life-cycle assessment. It also discusses the economics of advanced high-strength steels.

This chapter consists of three parts. The first part provides data and guidelines for selecting materials and processing routes. It compares the basic properties of metals, ceramics, and polymers, identifies important measures of performance, and discusses manufacturing processes and their compatibility with specific materials. The chapter then presents general guidelines for selecting lightweight materials, and concludes with a review of lightweight metals, plastics, and composites used in automotive applications.

This chapter provides information on the major drivers for automakers and the solutions to address these industry drivers and meet their business goals. It discusses the importance of steel in the industry and briefly describes the development and significance of advanced high-strength steels for the industry.