This chapter describes joining by forming processes including riveting, clinching, crimping, and dieless joining techniques. It also discusses the fatigue behavior of clinched joints and the results of fatigue tests that compare clinched and spot welded joints.

This chapter describes incremental sheet forming processes, including single-point, two-point, and kinematic (two tool) techniques. It provides information on the tooling and equipment used, work flow and forming parameters, process mechanics and forming limits. It also discusses multistage forming strategies, process modeling and simulation, and advanced hybrid forming processes.