Fig. 8.12 Demonstration of how higher green density impacts sintered density. These data are for 0.5 μm alumina shaped with polyvinyl alcohol heated at 5 °C/min (9 °F/min) to 1650 °C (3000 °F) for a 10 min hold in air. The lowest green density corresponds to less than four contacts per More

Fig. 10.26 Models of power density on continuous bar heating. Power density and temperature profiles of a bar at different positions in an in-line induction heater. Source: Ref 11 More

Fig. 25.11 Passive current density, i pass , and corrosion current density, i corr , as a function of solution pH for S-200D beryllium. A minimum in i pass and i corr exists between a pH of 4.5 and 10.7. Source: Hill et al. 1998 More

Fig. 11 Molecular architecture of high-density (HDPE), low-density (LDPE), and linear low-density (LLDPE) polyethylenes. Source: Ref 20 More

Figure 7 Weibull Distribution Probability Density Function. More

Figure 4 Current density image from backside scanning decreasing the separation distance from 200 µm to 5 µm . Images courtesy of M. Hechtl, Infineon. More

Figure 5 Current density image from backside scanning decreasing the current from 1 mA to 25 µA for a 5 µm thinned down die. Images courtesy of M. Hechtl, Infineon. More

Figure 14 Nano-scale current density image using MR sensor of a test serpentine structure on a wafer. Metal trace width is 250 nm , while spacing is 400 nm . Current is overlaid on optical image. Higher resolution images in the insets are overlaid on SEM images. More

Figure 16 (Left) Magnetic image of an MCM device. (Center) Current density obtained by applying the standard inverse to the magnetic image on the left. The image has been slightly rotated to allow alignment with CAD layout shown on the right. More

Figure 17 Current density images of shorts in a flip-chip device at (a) the die, (b) the interconnect, and (c) the package. More

Figure 28 Current density images from the four acquired scans overlaid with the optical device images showing abnormal current patterns. Bright yellow current color means the current is closer to the top surface, while darker orange color means current is farther away from the surface. More

Figure 27 GMR-based MCI image of power supply short current density from 5 µm ultra-thin silicon surface [34] . More

Figure 7 X-ray image of packaged lead frame superimposed with current density image shows the location of short (red arrow). [7] More

Fig. 8 Density variation with temperature in metals More

Fig. 13.1 Comparison of short-time tensile strength and tensile strength/density ratio for titanium alloys, three classes of steel, and 2024-T86 aluminum alloy. Data are not included for annealed alloys with less than 10% elongation or heat-treated alloys with less than 5% elongation. More

Fig. 9.16 Stages of neck formation and propagation in high-density polyethylene. Source: Ref 9.3 More

Fig. 5.35 Effect of test environment and charging current density on the failure time of stressed C-ring specimens of alloy 625 (59% cold rolled + 500 °C, or 930 °F, for 50 h) and Hastelloy G (59% cold rolled+ 260 °C, or 500 °F, for 250 h). Room temperature; 100% yield stress. Source: Ref More

Fig. 5.39 Interrelationships among cathodic current density, grain-boundary sulfur composition, and fracture mode in straining electrode tests of nickel. Source: Ref 5.174 More

Fig. 7.10 Widmanstätten ferrite saw teeth with low dislocation density in a copper-containing high-strength, low-alloy steel cooled at 0.1 °C/s (0.2 °F/s). Transmission electron microscopy micrograph. Source: Ref 7.11 More

Fig. 13.16 Carbide density as a function of austenitizing temperature More