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corrosion-resistant coatings
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.emea.t52240349
EISBN: 978-1-62708-251-8
... with a general overview of the factors influencing corrosion in iron and steel and a brief discussion of corrosion-resistant coatings. mill products hot rolling cold rolling forging extruding drawing electric arc furnace oxygen furnace plain carbon steels low-carbon steels medium-carbon plain...
Abstract
This chapter discusses various processes involved in the production of steel from raw materials to finished mill products. The processes include hot rolling, cold rolling, forging, extruding, or drawing. The chapter provides a detailed description of two main furnaces used for making steel: the electric arc furnace and the basic oxygen furnace. It also provides information on the classification and specifications for various steels, namely, plain carbon steels, low-carbon steels, medium-carbon plain carbon steels, and high-carbon plain carbon steels. The chapter concludes with a general overview of the factors influencing corrosion in iron and steel and a brief discussion of corrosion-resistant coatings.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2007
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pmsspmp.t52000185
EISBN: 978-1-62708-312-6
... pigments in corrosion-resistant coatings. automotive applications flake pigments metal foams stainless steel INDUSTRIAL USE of sintered stainless steels began in the 1960s in North America, approximately a decade after the application of sintered carbon steels. The main factors responsible...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the growing use of sintered stainless steels in automotive applications and various types of filters and filtering media. It also describes how these materials are produced in the form of metal foams and cellular structures and how they serve as flake pigments in corrosion-resistant coatings.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.tstap.t56040010
EISBN: 978-1-62708-428-4
... for the reclamation of worn or out-of-tolerance parts, frequently with nickel-base alloys. Bronze alloys may be sprayed for some bearings and seal areas. Blends of tungsten carbide and nickel-base alloys are applied for wear resistance. Zinc is commonly coated on bridges and other structures for corrosion resistance...
Abstract
This article provides a brief description of commercially important thermal spray processes and gives examples of applications and application requirements. The processes covered are flame, wire arc, plasma, high-velocity oxyfuel processes, detonation gun, and cold spray methods. Examples are provided of the applications in aerospace, automotive, and medical device industries as well as the use of thermal spray as an additive manufacturing technique.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.tstap.t56040020
EISBN: 978-1-62708-428-4
... conversion and harvesting, in particular in the following applications: Wear Resistant and Corrosion Resistant Coatings The cost of wear and corrosion are estimated to be a significant fraction (up to 3-5%) of the gross domestic product in developed economies. These phenomena result in the degradation...
Abstract
This article summarizes the results of work completed by the ASM Thermal Spray Society Advisory Committee to identify key research challenges and opportunities in the thermal spray field. It describes and prioritizes research priorities related to emerging process methods, thermal spray markets and applications, and process robustness, reliability, and economics.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hpcspa.t54460209
EISBN: 978-1-62708-285-3
... on automotive components. These layers can be broadly divided into two types: corrosion-resistant coatings and wear-resistant coatings. Corrosion-Resistant Coatings by Cold Spray Wear-Resistant Coatings by Cold Spray As a novel technology, cold spray can fabricate various products with more desirable...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the application of high-pressure cold spray to the automotive industry field, with special attention to three applications: additive manufacturing, fabrication methods, and protective coatings. Various studies on the automotive application of cold spray are reviewed. The background and purpose of each application are presented and practical cases are discussed.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.caaa.t67870179
EISBN: 978-1-62708-299-0
... to MMCs, assuming there is no graphite-aluminum exposure. However, the composite will start to fail upon foil penetration by the deepest pit. Service life can be extended by applying corrosion-resistant coatings. Primary emphasis should be placed on preventing exposure of both the graphite...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the ambient-temperature corrosion characteristics of aluminum metal-matrix composites (MMCs), including composites formed with boron, graphite, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, and mica. It also discusses the effect of stress-corrosion cracking on graphite-aluminum composites and the use of protective coatings and design criteria for corrosion prevention.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.secwr.t68350001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-315-7
... Improved fatigue strength due to compressive stresses induced on the exposed surface, also relieves tensile stresses that contribute to stress-corrosion cracking Changing the surface chemistry Phosphate chemical conversion coatings Used primarily on steels for enhanced corrosion resistance...
Abstract
This chapter begins with a brief review of the different types of surface treatments and coatings used in industry and their effect on properties and performance. It then discusses the importance of corrosion and wear treatments and the consequences of failing to properly implement them in critical industries such as mining, energy production, transportation, and mineral and chemical processing. The chapter also describes basic approaches to dealing with corrosion and wear in steel.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910363
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... individually or in multiple layers to provide protection and other functions required of the coating or lining. The coatings applied to substrates often are multifunctional, providing corrosion control, an aesthetic surface appearance, abrasion and impact resistance, electrical insulation, and/or other...
Abstract
Organic coatings (paints and plastic or rubber linings), metallic coatings, and nonmetallic inorganic coatings (conversion coatings, cements, ceramics, and glasses) are used in applications requiring corrosion protection. These coatings and linings may protect substrates by three basic mechanisms: barrier protection, chemical inhibition, and galvanic (sacrificial) protection. This chapter begins with a section on organic coating and linings, providing a detailed account of the steps involved in the coating process, namely, design and selection, surface preparation, application, and inspection and quality assurance. The next section discusses the methods by which metals, and in some cases their alloys, can be applied to almost all other metals and alloys: electroplating, electroless plating, hot dipping, thermal spraying, cladding, pack cementation, vapor deposition, ion implantation, and laser processing. The last section focuses on nonmetallic inorganic coatings including ceramic coating materials, conversion coatings, and anodized coatings.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.caaa.t67870191
EISBN: 978-1-62708-299-0
... Peroxide oxidant coating Does not meet salt spray requirement Poor adhesion Unstable chemical baths Oxyanion analogs (molybdates, tungstates, vanadates, and permanganates) Moderate corrosion resistance Poor paint adhesion Molybdates with borate seem best Expensive Potassium permanganate...
Abstract
This chapter discusses corrosion prevention methods used with aluminum and its alloys. The methods range from relatively straightforward measures, such as proper handling and storage, to advanced early warning corrosion monitoring systems for military aircraft. The chapter summarizes the basic factors that influence design for corrosion resistance and discusses the use of conversion coatings, organic coatings, porcelain enameling, and electroplating. It also discusses corrosion monitoring methods used in chemical processing and refining industries.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030338
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
... and abrasive cleaning Because of the relatively poor corrosion resistance of line pipe steels in underground environments, a combination of mitigation strategies consisting of coatings and cathodic protection (CP) is required. In this article, the most common causes and contributing factors...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the most common causes and contributing factors for external corrosion and stress-corrosion cracking on oil and natural gas pipelines, as well as describes procedures for prevention, mitigation, detection, assessment, and repair. The forms of external corrosion covered include differential cell corrosion, microbiologically influenced corrosion, and stray current corrosion.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.secwr.t68350125
EISBN: 978-1-62708-315-7
... of weld overlays, thermal spraying, and various deposition technologies. ceramic coating chemical vapor deposition cladding corrosion resistance electroless plating electroplating hot dip metallic coating physical vapor deposition thermal spraying weld overlays THE SURFACE-ENGINEERING...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the use of coating methods and materials and their impact on corrosion and wear behaviors. It provides detailed engineering information on a wide range of processes, including organic, ceramic, and hot dip coating, metal plating and cladding, and the use of weld overlays, thermal spraying, and various deposition technologies.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.secwr.9781627083157
EISBN: 978-1-62708-315-7
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.tstap.9781627084284
EISBN: 978-1-62708-428-4
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030169
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
..., and conversion coatings. The processing steps that can have relatively significant impact on corrosion resistance are homogenization, rolling, extrusion, quenching, aging, and annealing. chemical composition corrosion resistance aluminum aluminum alloys claddings anodizing conversion coatings...
Abstract
This chapter addresses the general effects of composition, mechanical treatment, surface treatment, processing, and fabrication operations on the corrosion resistance of aluminum and its alloys. Different types of surface treatments covered include claddings, anodizing, and conversion coatings. The processing steps that can have relatively significant impact on corrosion resistance are homogenization, rolling, extrusion, quenching, aging, and annealing.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910099
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... organic coatings if the external environment is aggressive or if a galvanic cell is active. With corrosion-resistant alloys, such as stainless steels, the most common cause of pitting corrosion is highly localized destruction of passivity by contact with moisture that contains halide ions...
Abstract
Corrosion problems can be divided into eight categories based on the appearance of the corrosion damage or the mechanism of attack: uniform or general corrosion; pitting corrosion; crevice corrosion, including corrosion under tubercles or deposits, filiform corrosion, and poultice corrosion; galvanic corrosion; erosion-corrosion, including cavitation erosion and fretting corrosion; intergranular corrosion, including sensitization and exfoliation; dealloying; environmentally assisted cracking, including stress-corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue, and hydrogen damage (including hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen-induced blistering, high-temperature hydrogen attack, and hydride formation). All these forms are addressed in this chapter in the context of aqueous corrosion. For each form, a general description is provided along with information on the causes and the list of metals that can be affected, with particular emphasis on the recognition and prevention measures.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030215
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
...Abstract Abstract This chapter outlines the step-by-step processes by which materials are selected in order to prevent or control corrosion and includes information on materials that are resistant to the various forms of corrosion. The various forms of corrosion covered are general (uniform...
Abstract
This chapter outlines the step-by-step processes by which materials are selected in order to prevent or control corrosion and includes information on materials that are resistant to the various forms of corrosion. The various forms of corrosion covered are general (uniform) corrosion, localized corrosion, galvanic corrosion, intergranular corrosion, stress-corrosion cracking, hydrogen damage, and erosion-corrosion. In addition, the economic importance of cost-effective materials selection is also considered.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1989
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.dmlahtc.t60490415
EISBN: 978-1-62708-340-9
..., this required that material developments be directed more toward improvement of hot corrosion resistance and the use of long-life corrosion-resistant coatings. The 1980’s have seen the emphasis swing back toward development of stronger alloys in an effort to fill part of the need for machine uprating...
Abstract
Combustion turbines consist of a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine. As commonly configured, the compressor and turbine mount on a single shaft that connects directly to a generator. This chapter reviews the materials of construction, damage mechanisms, and life-assessment techniques for nozzles and buckets. It also presents key information from a detailed review of the literature and the results of a survey on combustion-turbine material problems.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.stg2.t61280287
EISBN: 978-1-62708-267-9
... illustrating the strain-tolerant columnar grain ZrO 2 microstructure of EBPVD zirconia thermal barrier coatings Fig. 13.14 Effect of a nickel-aluminide-type coating on the hot corrosion resistance of an IN-713 nickel-base superalloy turbine blade compared with an uncoated blade. (a) Uncoated blade...
Abstract
Superalloys tend to operate in environments where they are subjected to high-temperature corrosion, oxidation, and the erosive effects of hot gases. This chapter discusses the nature of these attacks and the effectiveness of various protection methods. It describes the primary forms of oxidation, the development of protective oxides, and the conditions associated with mixed gas corrosion and hot corrosion attack. It discusses oxidation and corrosion testing, the equipment used, and various ways to present the associated data. It describes the effect of gaseous oxidation on different alloys, discusses the formation of oxide scale in the presence of mixed gases, and explains how alloy composition contributes to oxide growth. The chapter discusses the underlying chemistry of hot corrosion, how to identify its effects, and how it progresses under various conditions. It also discusses protective coatings, including aluminide diffusion, overlay, and thermal barrier types, and how they perform in different environments based on their ability to tolerate strain.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2007
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.htcma.t52080423
EISBN: 978-1-62708-304-1
... are unclear. Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) is discussed in Section 16.9 . Zinc has been widely used in the industry as a corrosion-resistant coating for carbon steels (e.g., hot dip galvanizing, electroplating, and spray painting) ( Ref 47 ). Korbrin ( Ref 47 ) indicated (a) carbon steels...
Abstract
Liquid metals are frequently used as a heat-transfer medium because of their high thermal conductivities and low vapor pressures. Containment materials used in such heat-transfer systems are subject to molten metal corrosion as well as other problems. This chapter reviews the corrosion behavior of alloys in molten aluminum, zinc, lead, lithium, sodium, magnesium, mercury, cadmium, tin, antimony, and bismuth. It also discusses the problem of liquid metal embrittlement, explaining how it is caused by low-melting-point metals during brazing, welding, and heat treating operations.
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230459
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
...Abstract Abstract This chapter covers the corrosion behavior of beryllium in aqueous environments. It describes the chemical reactions that drive the corrosion process, the conditions required for equilibrium, and the factors that affect corrosion resistance. It discusses the stability...
Abstract
This chapter covers the corrosion behavior of beryllium in aqueous environments. It describes the chemical reactions that drive the corrosion process, the conditions required for equilibrium, and the factors that affect corrosion resistance. It discusses the stability of the native oxides that form on the surface of beryllium and their ability to withstand acids, bases, and corrosive agents found in rain and seawater. It explains how carbides, inclusions, ions, and impurities contribute to corrosion damage, particularly pitting, and how corrosion reduces the ductility and fracture strength of certain beryllium alloys.