Fig. 27 A few coarse grains in the core of a fine-grained material that has been carburized are the only portion of the core able to form martensite. Original magnification: 100× More

Fig. 35 Microcracks in the martensitic case of a coarse-grained SAE 8620 steel More

Fig. 42 (a) Microstructure of the tooth top showing boundary carbides and coarse grains. (b) Detail of the brittle carbide network showing prior-austenitic grain size and tempered martensite More

Fig. 16.28 Transmission electron fractograph showing coarse and fine striations of aluminum alloy from a fatigue test with spectrum (variable amplitude) loading. Striation spacing varies according to loading, which consisted of ten cycles at a high stress alternating with ten cycles at a lower More

Fig. 14.42 Coarse-grained area in a segregated region from Fig. 14.41 . The segregated regions, darker in the image, have bainite and in some cases MA in their microstructure. The nonsegregated regions present bainitic microstructure. Hardness in the segregated regions has reached 401 HV More

Fig. 8.10 Austenite formation from a coarse spheroidized microstructure as a function of time. Source: Ref 8.16 More

Fig. 8.16 Austenite grain size as a function of austenitizing temperature for coarse-grained and fine-grained steels. Rapid discontinuous grain growth occurs at the grain-coarsening temperature in fine-grained steels. Source: Ref 8.31 More

Fig. 8.17 Comparison of austenitic grain size in (a) coarse-grained SAE 1015 steel and (b) fine-grained SAE 4615 steel after carburizing. Light micrographs. Original magnification: 1000×. Source: Ref 8.16 More

Fig. 11.6 Ductile and brittle fracture surfaces. (a) Mixture of coarse and fine depressions or dimples characteristic of ductile fracture surfaces. Some flat cleavage facets are shown in bottom of micrograph. (b) Flat fracture surface facets characteristic of brittle cleavage fracture More

Fig. 8.12 (Part 1) Austenitic grain refinement in a coarse-grained 0.5% C hypoeutectoid steel. Austenitic grain size initially as shown in Fig. 8.8 (Part 2) (e) . 0.50C-0.06Si-0.07Mn (wt%). (a) Austenitized at 950 °C for 1 h, cooled at 300 °C/h, one cycle. 180 HV. Picral. 100×. (b More

Fig. 8.12 (Part 2) Austenitic grain refinement in a coarse-grained 0.5% C hypoeutectoid steel. Austenitic grain size initially as shown in Fig. 8.8 (Part 2) (e) . 0.50C-0.06Si-0.07Mn (wt%). (a) Austenitized at 950 °C for 1 h, cooled at 300 °C/h, one cycle. 180 HV. Picral. 100×. (b More

Fig. 21.17 Microcracks in the martensite of a carburized coarse-grained 8620 steel. Source: Ref 21.31 More

Fig. 21.19 Fatigue crack initiation in carburized coarse-grained 8620 steel (a) quenched directly from carburizing at 927 °C (1700 °F) and (b) reheated after carburizing to 788 °C (1450 °F). Both specimens tempered at 145 °C (300 °F). Scanning electron micrographs. Source: Ref 21.31 More

Fig. 2.14 A form of ferrite called Widmanstätten ferrite in a coarse-grained AISI/SAE 1025 steel. 4% picral etch. 100× More

Fig. 2.19 Coarse pearlite in an AISI/SAE 1080 eutectoid steel. 4% picral etch. 500× More

Fig. 5.7 Coaxial knurled knobs for fine (small, inside knob) and coarse (large knob) focus. Note the graduated scale on the fine-focus knob, which indicates the amount of vertical ( z -axis) movement. More

Fig. 35 Example of die failure in a hot forging die caused by coarse grain size and strong precipitation of proeutectoid carbides on austenite grain boundaries. (a) Aspect of the tool. (b) and (c) Microstructure showing the coarse grain size (approximately ASTM 4; expecte d ASTM 8 to 10 More

Fig. 2.10 Micrographs of (a) coarse pearlite and (b) fine pearlite of eutectoid steel. Source: Ref 2.1 More

Fig. 5.3 Micrographs showing three grain sizes for DP steel. (a) CG, coarse grains. (b) FG, fine grains. (c) UFG, ultrafine grains. Source: Ref 5.4 More

Fig. 13.15 Microstructures of (a) coarse-grained (CG), (b) fine-grained (FG), and (c) ultrafine-grained dual-phase (DP) steel. Magnification: 3000× for all images. Source: Ref 13.6 More