Fig. 25.15 Copper-nickel clad coinage alloy. Original magnification: 50×. Source: Ref 9 More

FIG. 7.6 The Chrysler Building’s upper seven stories are clad with the German alloy, 20% chromium and 7% nickel. More

FIG. 8.15 Built in 1953, the first aluminum-clad high-rise building served as Alcoa’s corporate headquarters in Pittsburgh. More

Fig. 12 Corrosion problems associated with improper use of insulation and cladding. (a) Incorrect overlap in lobster-back cladding does not allow fluid runoff. (b) Poor installation left a gap in the insulation that allows easy access to the elements. (c) Outer metal cladding was cut too short More

Fig. 12 High-volume commercially available clad metals More

Fig. 11 High-volume commercially available clad metals More

Fig. 6.23 Bond zone pattern typical of explosion clad metals. Materials are type 304L stainless steel and medium-carbon steel. 20×. Source: Ref 6.1 More

Fig. 13.5 Cracks initiated on the outer diameter of the 304L clad tube, propagated inward to the substrate steel and terminated at the cladding-steel interface. Courtesy of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. More

Fig. 13.6 Cracks initiated on the outer surface of the 304L cladding, propagated inward to the substrate steel of the membrane and terminated at the cladding-steel interface. Courtesy of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. More

Fig. 12.6 Wastage rates as a function of steam temperature for alloy 625 cladding in weld overlay tubes and coextruded tubes tested as part of superheater tube bundles at various WTE boilers. Source: Ref 10 , 22 More

Fig. 33 Axial stress fatigue strength of 0.8 mm (0.030 in.) 2024, 7075, and clad sheet in air and seawater, R = 0. Source: Ref 19 More

Fig. 20.4 Design sequence of four different methods that have been used to clad beryllium billets for rolling. The symbol “s/s” refers to stainless steel. More

Fig. 43 Hydrogen-induced disbonding of stainless steel clad plate steel produced in a laboratory test in accordance with ASTM G 146 in high-pressure hydrogen. The crack is in the stainless steel cladding shown at the top of the micrograph. 200× More

Fig. 4 Illustration of a steel-clad aluminum transition material insert used for joining aluminum to carbon steel More

Fig. 6 Corrosion problems associated with improper use of insulation and cladding. (a) Incorrect overlap in lobster-back cladding does not allow fluid runoff. (b) Poor installation left a gap in the insulation that allows easy access to the elements. (c) Outer metal cladding was cut too short More

Fig. 7 Alloy 2024-T3 sheet clad with alloy 1230 (5% per side), solution heat treated. Normal amount of copper and magnesium diffusion from base metal into cladding (top). Keller’s reagent. 100× More

Fig. 8 Alloy 7178-T76 sheet clad with 0.125 mm (0.005 in.) of alloy 7072 (3.2 mm, or 0.125 in., total thickness). Sacrificial corrosion of cladding prevented corrosion of sheet during salt fog testing in 5% sodium chloride for two weeks. Keller’s reagent. 75× More

Fig. 4.7 Copper-nickel clad coinage construction. Source: Ref 4.4 More

Fig. 14.43 (a) Austenitic stainless steel cladding weld deposited over a substrate of 20MnMoNi55 steel. Heat-affected zone is visible, as is the columnar structure in the weld-deposited material, in multiple layers. The arrow indicates a slag inclusion defect, detected during ultrasonic More

Fig. 4 Illustration of a steel-clad aluminum transition material insert used for joining aluminum to carbon steel More