Skip Nav Destination
Close Modal
By
Kenneth A. Walsh, Edgar E. Vidal, Brajendra Mishra
By
Grażyna Mrówka-Nowotnik, Małgorzata Warmuzek
Search Results for
chemical potential
Update search
Filter
- Title
- Authors
- Author Affiliations
- Full Text
- Abstract
- Keywords
- DOI
- ISBN
- EISBN
- Issue
- ISSN
- EISSN
- Volume
- References
Filter
- Title
- Authors
- Author Affiliations
- Full Text
- Abstract
- Keywords
- DOI
- ISBN
- EISBN
- Issue
- ISSN
- EISSN
- Volume
- References
Filter
- Title
- Authors
- Author Affiliations
- Full Text
- Abstract
- Keywords
- DOI
- ISBN
- EISBN
- Issue
- ISSN
- EISSN
- Volume
- References
Filter
- Title
- Authors
- Author Affiliations
- Full Text
- Abstract
- Keywords
- DOI
- ISBN
- EISBN
- Issue
- ISSN
- EISSN
- Volume
- References
Filter
- Title
- Authors
- Author Affiliations
- Full Text
- Abstract
- Keywords
- DOI
- ISBN
- EISBN
- Issue
- ISSN
- EISSN
- Volume
- References
Filter
- Title
- Authors
- Author Affiliations
- Full Text
- Abstract
- Keywords
- DOI
- ISBN
- EISBN
- Issue
- ISSN
- EISSN
- Volume
- References
NARROW
Format
Topics
Book Series
Date
Availability
1-20 of 743
Search Results for chemical potential
Follow your search
Access your saved searches in your account
Would you like to receive an alert when new items match your search?
1
Sort by
Image
Free-energy curve illustrating change in chemical potential with compositio...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2012
Fig. 9.17 Free-energy curve illustrating change in chemical potential with composition. Source: Ref 9.9 as published in Ref 9.10
More
Image
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 3.15 The chemical potential ( μ B α ) and the activity ( a B ) of B component in a regular solution of A-B system. μ B α is shown as the value divided by RT assuming ∘ C B α = 0 . (a) Chemical potential. (b) Activity
More
Image
The relationship between free energies and chemical potentials for an ideal...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2012
Fig. 3.12 The relationship between free energies and chemical potentials for an ideal solution. Adapted from Ref 3.1
More
Image
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 3.14 Relation between the free energy ( G α) and chemical potentials ( μ A ′ α , μ B α , μ C α ) of a solution of (a) A-B system and (b) A-B-C system
More
Book Chapter
Thermodynamics and Phase Diagrams
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pdub.t53420041
EISBN: 978-1-62708-310-2
... in single-component and binary solid solutions. It then examines the relationship between the free energy of a solution and the chemical potentials of the individual components. It also explains how to account for the heat of mixing using quasi-chemical models, discusses the effect of interatomic bond...
Abstract
This chapter explains how the principles of chemical thermodynamics are used in the construction and interpretation of phase diagrams. After a brief review of the laws of thermodynamics, it describes the concept of Gibbs free energy and its application to transformations that occur in single-component and binary solid solutions. It then examines the relationship between the free energy of a solution and the chemical potentials of the individual components. It also explains how to account for the heat of mixing using quasi-chemical models, discusses the effect of interatomic bond energies and chemical potentials, and shows how the equilibrium state of an alloy can be obtained from free-energy curves.
Book Chapter
Thermodynamics of Solutions
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.tm.t52320055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-357-7
... Abstract This chapter explains the idea of solution theory and the nature of mixed materials. The chapter considers approximation of free energy by the regular solution model and sublattice model. It discusses chemical potential and nonrandom distribution based on the interactions between...
Abstract
This chapter explains the idea of solution theory and the nature of mixed materials. The chapter considers approximation of free energy by the regular solution model and sublattice model. It discusses chemical potential and nonrandom distribution based on the interactions between solute atoms.
Image
The relationship between the free-energy curve for a solution and the chemi...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 March 2012
Fig. 3.11 The relationship between the free-energy curve for a solution and the chemical potentials of the components. Adapted from Ref 3.1
More
Book
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.9781627082822
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
Book Chapter
Glossary of Terms
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030380
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
.... Resin polymerized from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, esters of these acids, or acrylonitrile. activation. The changing of a passive surface of a metal to a chemically active state. Contrast with passivation. active. The negative direction of electrode potential. Also used to describe corrosion and its...
Abstract
This chapter is a compilation of terms and definitions related to corrosion in the petrochemical industry.
Book Chapter
Gas-Metal Systems
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pdub.t53420231
EISBN: 978-1-62708-310-2
... energy of a substance is usually called its chemical potential. If 1 mol of pure A is dissolved in an amount of solution so large that the solution concentration remains virtually unchanged, the Gibbs energy change for the mole of A ( Δ G ¯ A ) is: Δ G...
Abstract
Gas-metal reactions can have a significant impact on metals and alloys, affecting their properties (during processing) and accelerating service failures, particularly in hot, corrosive environments. This chapter discusses the kinetics of gas-metal reactions and how they are driven by Gibbs energy changes. It plots the energy of formation for many important metal oxides and explains how to construct isothermal stability diagrams to analyze complex reactions involving metals, alloys, and gases containing more than one reactive component.
Book Chapter
Intermediate Phases
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pdub.t53420171
EISBN: 978-1-62708-310-2
... is illustrated in Fig. 9.15b , where a small fluctuation in composition becomes amplified by uphill diffusion (depicted by arrows). The reason for the uphill diffusion can be understood when considering that the direction of atomic migration is governed by the gradient of chemical potential...
Abstract
This chapter explains how the presence of intermediate phases affects the melting behavior of binary alloys and the transformations that occur under different rates of cooling. It begins by examining the phase diagrams of magnesium-lead and copper-zinc, noting some of the complexities associated with intermediate phases. It then discusses the difference between ordered and disordered phases and how they are accounted for on phase diagrams. It describes how the atoms in a disordered solution may arrange themselves into an ordered array, forming a superlattice in the process of cooling, and goes on to identify the most common superlattice structures and their corresponding alloy phases. It also discusses the factors that limit the formation of superlattices along with the kinetics of spinodal decomposition and its effect on microstructure development.
Book Chapter
Glossary of Corrosion-Related Terms
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910497
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... of electricity that has passed. anodic inhibitor. A chemical substance or mixture that prevents or re- duces the rate of the anodic or oxidation reaction. See also inhibitor. anodic polarization. The change of the electrode potential in the noble (positive) direction due to current flow. See also polarization...
Abstract
This appendix is a compilation of terms and definitions related to corrosion.
Book
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.9781627082501
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
Book Chapter
Coping with Corrosion
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mnm2.t53060369
EISBN: 978-1-62708-261-7
... of applied energy (work) to extract the metals from their naturally occurring ores. In effect, this chemical separation results in a condition of increased chemical potential, defined as an increase in a thermodynamic function called the Gibbs free energy. The price of this energy expenditure during refining...
Abstract
Corrosion can be defined as a chemical or electrochemical reaction between a material and its environment that causes the material and its properties to degrade. In most cases, it refers to the electrochemical oxidation of metals accompanied by the production of oxides or salts of the base material. This chapter discusses the process of corrosion and how to prevent or mitigate its effects. It describes several forms of corrosion, including uniform, intergranular, pitting, crevice, and stray-current corrosion, and the effects of stress-corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue, and selective leaching. It discusses the use of corrosion inhibitors, cathodic and anodic protection, pH control, and Pourbaix diagrams.
Book Chapter
Introduction to Methods of Corrosion Protection
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030165
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
... behavior of metals is their chemical composition. Alloying, which is adding other element(s) to a metal, is one of the major means used to improve the corrosion resistance of the base material. Alloys with varying degrees of corrosion resistance have been developed in response to an ever-increasing number...
Abstract
The basic concept for most methods of corrosion protection is to remove one or more of the electrochemical cell components so that the pure metal or metal alloy of interest will not corrode. Another widely used corrosion protection approach is to change the nature of the anode so that it becomes the cathode (cathodic protection). This chapter briefly reviews these methods of corrosion protection. The factors affecting corrosion behavior are covered. In addition, the chapter provides information on coatings and inhibitors, which are used in corrosion protection.
Book Chapter
Introduction and Overview of Electrochemical Corrosion
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.fec.t65940001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-302-7
... potential and current. Considering engineering materials as metals, polymers, and ceramics, transport of mass across the interface to the environment may be broadly considered as electrochemical, chemical, or physical. Since electrochemical corrosion involves the release of ions to the environment...
Abstract
This chapter familiarizes readers with the basic concepts of corrosion, discussing chemical reactions, ion transfer mechanisms, electrochemical processes and variables, and the formation of solid corrosion products. It presents a simple but effective teaching tool, the elementary electrochemical corrosion circuit, using it to explain how electric potential differences drive the corrosion process and how corrosion rates vary in proportion to current density. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the importance of corrosion products, such as oxides and hydroxides, and how their formation can be a major factor in controlling corrosion.
Book Chapter
Irradiation-Assisted Stress-Corrosion Cracking
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sccmpe2.t55090191
EISBN: 978-1-62708-266-2
..., the international consensus is that the three with the greatest impact on crack growth rates are the formation of material defects, radiation-induced segregation, and chemical reactions that increase the corrosion potential of water. The chapter discusses each of these in great detail, and includes information...
Abstract
Irradiation-assisted stress-corrosion cracking (IASCC) has been a topic of engineering interest since it was first reported in the 1960s, having been observed in stainless steel cladding on light water reactor fuel elements. This chapter summarizes the results of decades of investigation, showing that IASCC can essentially be defined as the intergranular cracking of austenitic alloys in high-temperature water, where both the material and its environment have been altered by radiation. Of the many interactions that can occur when metals and water are exposed to radiation, the international consensus is that the three with the greatest impact on crack growth rates are the formation of material defects, radiation-induced segregation, and chemical reactions that increase the corrosion potential of water. The chapter discusses each of these in great detail, and includes information on predictive modeling as well.
Book Chapter
Thermodynamics of Extraction
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
... Abstract This chapter provides a fundamental understanding of beryllium reduction thermodynamics as a prerequisite for subsequent chapters on extraction, chemical processing, and corrosion. It examines a number of reduction methods along with a potential refining process, highlighting...
Abstract
This chapter provides a fundamental understanding of beryllium reduction thermodynamics as a prerequisite for subsequent chapters on extraction, chemical processing, and corrosion. It examines a number of reduction methods along with a potential refining process, highlighting the challenges encountered with each.
Book Chapter
Analytical Equipment
Available to PurchaseBook: Systems Failure Analysis
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sfa.t52780093
EISBN: 978-1-62708-268-6
... Abstract After the fault-tree, a failure-cause identification method has identified potential failure causes and the failure analysis team has prepared a failure mode assessment and assignment (FMA&A). The team knows specifically what to search for when examining components...
Abstract
After the fault-tree, a failure-cause identification method has identified potential failure causes and the failure analysis team has prepared a failure mode assessment and assignment (FMA&A). The team knows specifically what to search for when examining components and subassemblies from the failed system. There are numerous techniques and technologies available for examining and analyzing components and subassemblies, which are categorized as follows: optical approaches, dimensional inspection and related approaches, nondestructive test approaches, mechanical and environmental approaches, and chemical and composition analysis for assessing material characteristics. This chapter is a detailed account of the working principle and the steps involved in these techniques and technologies.
Book Chapter
Intermetallic Phases in Aluminum-Silicon Technical Cast Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ascaam.t59190035
EISBN: 978-1-62708-296-9
... Abstract Structurally differentiated intermetallic phases are important constituents in the microstructure of aluminum alloys, with the potential to influence properties, behaviors, and processing characteristics. These phases can form in aluminum-silicon alloys with transition metals (Fe, Mn...
Abstract
Structurally differentiated intermetallic phases are important constituents in the microstructure of aluminum alloys, with the potential to influence properties, behaviors, and processing characteristics. These phases can form in aluminum-silicon alloys with transition metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, V, Ti) and with metals such as Mg and Cu. This chapter is a compilation of phase diagrams, microstructure images, and tables, providing information on more than 30 binary, ternary, and quaternary alloy systems associated with intermetallic phases in aluminum-silicon castings. Each section includes tabular information and data on the intermetallic phases in the aluminum corner of the equilibrium phase diagram, the characteristics of the crystal lattice of intermetallic phases, the chemical composition of the alloy intermetallic phases, and equilibrium reactions in the alloy system.
1