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Image
Published: 01 March 2012
Fig. 9.17 Free-energy curve illustrating change in chemical potential with composition. Source: Ref 9.9 as published in Ref 9.10 More
Image
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 3.15 The chemical potential ( μ B α ) and the activity ( a B ) of B component in a regular solution of A-B system. μ B α is shown as the value divided by RT assuming ∘ C B α = 0 . (a) Chemical potential. (b) Activity More
Image
Published: 01 March 2012
Fig. 3.12 The relationship between free energies and chemical potentials for an ideal solution. Adapted from Ref 3.1 More
Image
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 3.14 Relation between the free energy ( G α) and chemical potentials ( μ A ′ α , μ B α , μ C α ) of a solution of (a) A-B system and (b) A-B-C system More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pdub.t53420041
EISBN: 978-1-62708-310-2
... in single-component and binary solid solutions. It then examines the relationship between the free energy of a solution and the chemical potentials of the individual components. It also explains how to account for the heat of mixing using quasi-chemical models, discusses the effect of interatomic bond...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.tm.t52320055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-357-7
... Abstract This chapter explains the idea of solution theory and the nature of mixed materials. The chapter considers approximation of free energy by the regular solution model and sublattice model. It discusses chemical potential and nonrandom distribution based on the interactions between...
Image
Published: 01 March 2012
Fig. 3.11 The relationship between the free-energy curve for a solution and the chemical potentials of the components. Adapted from Ref 3.1 More
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.9781627082822
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030380
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
.... Resin polymerized from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, esters of these acids, or acrylonitrile. activation. The changing of a passive surface of a metal to a chemically active state. Contrast with passivation. active. The negative direction of electrode potential. Also used to describe corrosion and its...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pdub.t53420231
EISBN: 978-1-62708-310-2
... energy of a substance is usually called its chemical potential. If 1 mol of pure A is dissolved in an amount of solution so large that the solution concentration remains virtually unchanged, the Gibbs energy change for the mole of A ( Δ G ¯ A ) is: Δ G...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 March 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.pdub.t53420171
EISBN: 978-1-62708-310-2
... is illustrated in Fig. 9.15b , where a small fluctuation in composition becomes amplified by uphill diffusion (depicted by arrows). The reason for the uphill diffusion can be understood when considering that the direction of atomic migration is governed by the gradient of chemical potential...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.t66910497
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
... of electricity that has passed. anodic inhibitor. A chemical substance or mixture that prevents or re- duces the rate of the anodic or oxidation reaction. See also inhibitor. anodic polarization. The change of the electrode potential in the noble (positive) direction due to current flow. See also polarization...
Book

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cub.9781627082501
EISBN: 978-1-62708-250-1
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mnm2.t53060369
EISBN: 978-1-62708-261-7
... of applied energy (work) to extract the metals from their naturally occurring ores. In effect, this chemical separation results in a condition of increased chemical potential, defined as an increase in a thermodynamic function called the Gibbs free energy. The price of this energy expenditure during refining...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cpi2.t55030165
EISBN: 978-1-62708-282-2
... behavior of metals is their chemical composition. Alloying, which is adding other element(s) to a metal, is one of the major means used to improve the corrosion resistance of the base material. Alloys with varying degrees of corrosion resistance have been developed in response to an ever-increasing number...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.fec.t65940001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-302-7
... potential and current. Considering engineering materials as metals, polymers, and ceramics, transport of mass across the interface to the environment may be broadly considered as electrochemical, chemical, or physical. Since electrochemical corrosion involves the release of ions to the environment...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sccmpe2.t55090191
EISBN: 978-1-62708-266-2
..., the international consensus is that the three with the greatest impact on crack growth rates are the formation of material defects, radiation-induced segregation, and chemical reactions that increase the corrosion potential of water. The chapter discusses each of these in great detail, and includes information...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 July 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.bcp.t52230055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-298-3
... Abstract This chapter provides a fundamental understanding of beryllium reduction thermodynamics as a prerequisite for subsequent chapters on extraction, chemical processing, and corrosion. It examines a number of reduction methods along with a potential refining process, highlighting...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sfa.t52780093
EISBN: 978-1-62708-268-6
... Abstract After the fault-tree, a failure-cause identification method has identified potential failure causes and the failure analysis team has prepared a failure mode assessment and assignment (FMA&A). The team knows specifically what to search for when examining components...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ascaam.t59190035
EISBN: 978-1-62708-296-9
... Abstract Structurally differentiated intermetallic phases are important constituents in the microstructure of aluminum alloys, with the potential to influence properties, behaviors, and processing characteristics. These phases can form in aluminum-silicon alloys with transition metals (Fe, Mn...