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Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta.t53700215
EISBN: 978-1-62708-279-2
... Abstract This chapter briefly reviews the experience-based guidelines that were developed for forming and welding advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). It discusses the benefits of using HSS in car body structures and components that are analyzed by the performance indices developed...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 June 2023
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.atia.t59340303
EISBN: 978-1-62708-427-7
..., Amtrak , 7 Sept 2016 13.17 Hou J. and Strickland J. , FSW and its Applications in Aluminium Car Body Structures , Shanghai Railway Forum , 24 Aug 2011 13.18 Faulkner J.F. and Johnson E.W. , Military Vehicles and Equipment , Aluminum Handbook , 1967 , p 459...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta2.t59410173
EISBN: 978-1-62708-482-6
... the target applications. The body of a passenger car is divided into two component groups: Body-in-white (BIW) structure: the assembled skeleton of a vehicle without the related moving parts, such as doors, hood, decklid, or fenders Closures: components such as doors, hood, decklid, and fenders...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta2.t59410235
EISBN: 978-1-62708-482-6
... straightening (650 °C, or 1200 °F, for 110 s) softens the repaired part. 14.3 Performance Evaluation <xref rid="t59410235-ref6" ref-type="bibr">(Ref 14.6)</xref> The benefits of using HSS in car body structures and components can be analyzed by using the performance indexes that were developed...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta.t53700001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-279-2
... by replacing heavy steel components in body structures, closure panels, chassis, wheels, bumpers, and suspension parts with lightweight materials made from ferrous and nonferrous alloys, polymers, and composites. The overall weight of a car is distributed among its body (40%), chassis (25%), power train (15...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta.t53700159
EISBN: 978-1-62708-279-2
... on the utilization and trends of AHSS in vehicle bodies and closures. advanced high-strength steels vehicle components ADVANCED HIGH-STRENGTH STEELS (AHSS) are best used for strong structural applications where light weighting enhances the performance of a product. In addition to the automotive industry...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hss.t52790123
EISBN: 978-1-62708-356-0
... the appearance. It would be fast—maybe 100 miles per hour—and would quite often be called “The Silver Streak.” The train represented the largest use by far of stainless steel in any structure. Twenty-three tons of type 301 stainless steel was used in its construction. The stainless steel car body was built...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta2.t59410001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-482-6
... engineering alloy for building cars and structures because of the affordability, performance, manufacturability, recyclability, and wide range of applications associated with it. The typical 2011 light vehicle uses approximately 1080 kg (2390 lb) of steel. The characteristic vast combinations of constituents...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 June 2023
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.atia.t59340265
EISBN: 978-1-62708-427-7
... per year, was accomplished with a low degree of automation. About 75% of the production was hand assembly. The Audi A8 (D2) was produced from 1994 until 2002. The aluminum body had a weight of 249 kg (BiW plus closures), about 200 kg less than a steel body-in-white (BiW) structure without closures...
Book Chapter

By Günther Sauer
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ex2.t69980009
EISBN: 978-1-62708-342-3
..., any partial cold working of magnesium components, as is necessary, for example, for the aluminum alloy side door beam in Fig. 2.24 , in the section “ Passenger Cars ,” is practically impossible because of this hexagonal lattice structure. Magnesium alloys naturally have good machining characteristics...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sch6.t68200007
EISBN: 978-1-62708-354-6
.... It withstands continuous pulling forces up to 500,000 lb (226,796 kg). Strength requirements for coupler bodies are 700,000 lb (318,181 kg) yield load, and 900,000 lb (409,091 kg) without fracture. The freight car truck consisting of two side frames and one bolster may be seen in Figures 2-1 and 2-5...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.hss.t52790193
EISBN: 978-1-62708-356-0
... workers and apparently not a lot of training. Meanwhile, DeLorean dealerships were being lined up exclusively in the United States, in New Jersey, Michigan, and California. The futuristic, streamlined car with its gleaming stainless steel body and gull-wing doors was to sell for $25,000 ($57,500 in 2008...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta.t53700199
EISBN: 978-1-62708-279-2
... of the FSV concept car. Fig. 13.4 The FutureSteelVehicle (FSV). Source: Ref 13.2 In May 2011, the global steel industry released results of the FSV program. The results ( Ref 13.2 ) were: The concept body structure met all targets for crashworthiness and achieved a mass savings of 35...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 1999
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.caaa.t67870001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-299-0
... electrical energy from sites of power generation. Within a few decades, a third important application area was made possible by the invention of the airplane by the Wright brothers. This gave birth to an entirely new industry which grew in partnership with the aluminum industry development of structurally...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta2.t59410219
EISBN: 978-1-62708-482-6
.... The FSV program was aimed at helping automakers optimize body structures through advanced steel design concepts suitable for both conventional and electrified powertrains, with the purpose of reducing gas emissions over the entire vehicle life cycle. The program made use of the many innovative designs...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ahsssta2.t59410319
EISBN: 978-1-62708-482-6
.... Participants in the project were car companies, suppliers, universities, and a national lab, who collectively cost-shared the project for an additional $2.5 million. The objective of the validation phase was to “demonstrate the ability of the ICME model to reduce the mass of a vehicle structure subassembly...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.isceg.t59320305
EISBN: 978-1-62708-332-4
... and the electric energy consumption (kilowatt-hour per mile) of EVs and PHEVs linearly with the extent of mass reduction. Lightweighting to reduce the sprung mass is achieved by replacing low-carbon rolled steel body structures with high-strength steel; eliminating or downsizing the engine and its accessories...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 April 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.tpsfwea.t59300001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-323-2
...). Personal experiences in everyday life can attest to the cost of these three modes of failure. The highest monthly costs for average families in the United States are for housing, food, and vehicles (usually). Driving a new car in the United States costs about $5,000/year; the average cost of a new car...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.aceg.t68410001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-280-8
... in automobiles in Europe is projected to increase by 7 to 12% in the next four years. Subsequent years are projected to see a growth of at least 18%. Much of this growth comes from body structures, as manufacturers replace steel subframes and shock towers with aluminum vacuum die cast castings (Source Ref. 1...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.lmub.t53550001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-307-2
... challenged by plastics and aluminum. In 2010, approximately 90 kg (200 lb) of aluminum was used in an average car made in the United States. The long-term goal of the aluminum community is an all-aluminum chassis, known as a “body in white.” The most notable example of an aluminum chassis is the high-end...