This chapter is a detailed account of the applications of stainless steel in automotive and transport systems. The discussion covers exhaust systems, structural components, automotive components, trucks, and rail transport.

This chapter explains how powder metallurgy technologies are being leveraged for the production of automotive components, electric motors, rare-earth permanent magnets, and the infrastructure for high-speed rail transport.

Plastic gears are continuing to displace metal gears in applications ranging from automotive components to office automation equipment. This chapter discusses the characteristics, classification, advantages, and disadvantages of plastics for gear applications. It provides a comparison between the properties of metals and plastics for designing gears. The chapter reviews some of the commonly used plastic materials for gear applications including thermoplastic and thermoset gear materials. The chapter also describes the processes involved in plastic gear manufacturing.

This chapter discusses the application of high-pressure cold spray to the automotive industry field, with special attention to three applications: additive manufacturing, fabrication methods, and protective coatings. Various studies on the automotive application of cold spray are reviewed. The background and purpose of each application are presented and practical cases are discussed.

This chapter describes the different aluminum products used to manufacture modern automobile components. It discusses how automakers use these products to reduce weight, improve performance, and manage production costs. It also reflects on the changes in the aluminum industry, automakers, and their relationships. Organized by product type—castings, sheet, and extrusions—each section of the chapter describes the relevant alloys, tempers, and properties required to meet specific needs for component parts and final assembly.

Gaseous ferritic nitrocarburizing, like salt bath nitrocarburizing, involves the introduction of carbon and nitrogen into steel in order to produce a thin layer of iron carbonitride and nitrides, the "white layer" or compound layer, with an underlying diffusion zone containing dissolved nitrogen and iron (or alloy) nitrides. This chapter first presents the development and principles of the process. It then discusses the properties of gaseous ferritic nitrocarburized components. The chapter also presents the applications for the ferritic nitrocarburizing process. It provides an overview of the safety considerations.

Casting is one of the most economical manufacturing processes for providing shape to components of machinery and is used in a wide range of industries. This chapter is a brief account of the advantages, applications, limitations, and market growth of aluminum casting. It also provides information on the process of conversion of steel and iron parts to aluminum.

This article provides a brief description of commercially important thermal spray processes and gives examples of applications and application requirements. The processes covered are flame, wire arc, plasma, high-velocity oxyfuel processes, detonation gun, and cold spray methods. Examples are provided of the applications in aerospace, automotive, and medical device industries as well as the use of thermal spray as an additive manufacturing technique.

This chapter discusses various factors pertinent to the applications of low-pressure permanent mold casting process, namely decorative automotive wheels, critical safety structural components, and chassis components.

This chapter describes the nature of the problems arising from using advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) and discusses potential remedies to minimize the adverse effects that may limit the adoption of AHSS in the automotive industry. The discussion provides information on press energy, springback, residual stress, die wear, hot forming, downgaging limits, welding, binders, draw beads, and tool material wear.

This chapter summarizes the performance attributes of advanced high-strength steels, namely stiffness, strength, strain hardening, fatigue, crashworthiness, formability, toughness, and bake hardening.

Transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels are characterized by their excellent strength and high ductility, which allow the production of more complicated parts for lightweight automotive applications. This chapter provides an overview of the compositions, microstructures, processing, deformation mechanism, mechanical properties, hot forming, tempering, and special attributes of TRIP the steels.

Forged aluminum products vary widely in their production methods and applications. The forging process allows for control of microstructure and directional properties, and their fatigue and fracture resistance are superior to shape castings. This chapter presents the types, equipment, process steps, alloys, and products of aluminum forging.