FIG. 3.1 William Kelly, American inventor of the “air-boiling process” for making steel from cast iron. More

FIG. 7.3 Elwood Haynes, the American car manufacturer who invented the 12% chromium, 0.30% carbon hardenable stainless steel More

Fig. 1.1 Historical and projected North American light vehicle production from 2006–2016. Data is from 2011; data forecast from 2012 is 750,000 units higher per year than shown. Source: Global Insight, Ref 1.1 More

Fig. 1.16 Distribution of flat rolled steel content in the 2010 North American light vehicles. BIW, body-in-white. Source: Ref 1.1 More

Fig. 11.1 Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) content in North American light vehicles from 2006–2012. Source: Ref 11.1 More

Fig. 11.17 Material share of finished curb weight trends for North American light vehicles. Source: Ref 11.1 More

Fig. 11.18 Material share percent of finished curb weight for North American light vehicles. Source: Ref 11.1 More

Fig. 11.20 Metallic material trends of North American light vehicle body, bumper, and closure. Source: Ref 11.1 More

Fig. 11.22 Historical and projected AHSS content in North American light vehicles (trend line only). Source: Ref 11.1 More

Fig. 4.3 Early American chimney or blast furnace More

Fig. 1.25 Types of graphite flakes in gray iron (American Foundryman’s Society-ASTM). In the recommended practice (ASTM A 247), these charts are shown at a magnification of 100×. They have been reduced to one-third size for reproduction here. More

Fig. 23.13 Butt-joint designs for sheet metal brazements. Source: American Welding Society 1991 More

Fig. 23.14 Tee-joint designs for sheet metal brazements. Source: American Welding Society 1991 More

Fig. 12 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) requirements for (a) permissible crack size ( a p ) for upset condition (where K ar is arrest toughness), (b) crack growth for upset condition (I = inspection interval), (c) permissible crack size for emergency condition, and (d More

Fig. 8.10 The role of carbide phases in American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) tool steels. Schematic of the carbide morphology (or lack of carbides) in various tool steels. Each relatively at the same size, optical magnification 200× More

Fig. 15.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) oil-labeling system for oil containers More

Fig. 1.3 North American light vehicle change in aluminum content, 1991 to 2002 More

Fig. 1.4 North American light vehicle change in aluminum content, 1991 to 2002. (a) Passenger cars. (b) Trucks More

Fig. 1.5 North American light vehicle change in aluminum content by product form and metal source, 1999 to 2002 More

Fig. 1.6 North American light vehicle change in aluminum content, 1973 to 2002 More