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This chapter discusses the compositions, properties, and applications of nonferrous metals, including zirconium, hafnium, beryllium, lead, tin, gold, silver, and platinum group metals. It also addresses fusible alloys and provides melting temperatures for several compositions.

Although zirconium resists stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) where many alloys fail, it is susceptible in Fe3+- and Cu2+-containing solutions, concentrated HNO3, halogen vapors, mercury, cesium, and CH3OH + halides. This chapter explains how composition, texture, stress levels, and strain rate affect the SCC behavior of zirconium and its alloys. It describes environments known to induce SCC, including aqueous solutions, organic liquids, hot and fused salts, and liquid metals. It also discusses cracking mechanisms and SCC prevention and control techniques.

The nonferrous alloys described in this chapter include aluminum and aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys, and tantalum and tantalum alloys. Some of the factors that affect the corrosion performance of welded nonferrous assemblies include galvanic effects, crevices, assembly stresses in products susceptible to stress-corrosion cracking, and hydrogen pickup and subsequent cracking. The emphasis is placed on the compositions, general welding considerations, and corrosion behavior of these alloys.

Titanium aluminides are lightweight materials that have relatively high melting points and good high-temperature strength. They also tend to be stronger and lighter than conventional titanium alloys, but considerably less ductile. This chapter begins with a review of the titanium-aluminum phase diagram, focusing on the properties, compositions, and microstructures of alpha-2 Ti3Al alloys. It then describes the properties, microstructures, and compositions of orthorhombic, gamma, and near-gamma alloys as well as the processing methods and procedures normally used in their production.