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Published: 30 November 2013
Fig. 4 Curved strip of thin spring steel, such as a tape measure or Venetian blind slat, supported horizontally as a cantilever beam (a) stable with concave side on top; (b) unstable with convex side on top, buckles readily. More
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Published: 01 March 2001
Fig. 4 Fatigue curves for peened and unpeened steel spring wires More
Image
Published: 01 November 2011
Fig. 8.18 Selection of spring clip steel fasteners. Courtesy ACS Manufacturing Inc. More
Image
Published: 30 November 2013
Fig. 20 Sketch of a Belleville spring washer showing how fatigue cracks can form in a nominally compressive stress area. The spring, actually a cone-shaped spring steel washer, is shown in the (a) free condition and in the (b) flattened condition. When flat, the corner of the hole More
Image
Published: 30 November 2013
Fig. 11 (a) Ductile fracture through type 420 stainless steel hardened to 51 HRC equivalent (1000×). (b) A woody texture, indicative of ductile fracture, through grade 9254 spring steel. More
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Published: 01 December 2004
of the material. Point A represents the elastic limit of the spring steel; point B represents that of the structural steel. More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.uhcf3.t53630055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-270-9
...” in a metal tape measure is usually made of thin spring steel that is slightly curved. If the tape is held horizontally, as in Fig. 4 , and supported at one end only to make a cantilever beam, a fairly long length can be extended if the concave surface is the upper side. However, if the tape is reversed so...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.faesmch.t51270074
EISBN: 978-1-62708-301-0
... of a hollow piston inside which a steel spring, a spring seat, and a spring guide were located. Four of the seven springs had suffered abnormal wear at the spring seat end. Six spring seats were available for examination. Three of them contained the impression of the springs on one side only...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.faesmch.t51270092
EISBN: 978-1-62708-301-0
... and beach marks on the piston along with a nick on the opposite side of the barrel. In addition, the metal around the corresponding hole in the rotor had plastically deformed and the slipper pad was gone. Based on the investigation, the failure most likely occurred due to a problem with the spring guides...
Image
Published: 31 December 2024
Fig. 11.130 Induction heating arrangement for the joining of a metal bellows/spring plate to the connecting piece with capillary tubes. 1, pressure pin (ceramic or nonmagnetic steel); 2, metal bellows with spring plate; 3, connecting piece (brass); 4, capillary tubes (copper); 5, inductor coil More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.uhcf3.t53630117
EISBN: 978-1-62708-270-9
... residual stresses when the load is released.” This type of fatigue fracture can be illustrated with the example of the Belleville spring washer, a hardened spring steel washer that is cone shaped in order to give high spring rates in limited space, as shown in Fig. 20 . Fig. 20 Sketch...
Image
Published: 01 May 2018
FIG. 11.12 Tom Girdler, president of Republic Steel, testifying about the company’s actions during the Little Steel strike of spring 1937. More
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.faesmch.t51270059
EISBN: 978-1-62708-301-0
... transmitting the force from the nest of springs through levers to the brake system was a single steel rod at the center of the nest of springs. This steel rod fractured due to a fatigue crack that was not detected earlier. It resulted in the failure of the brake system, and the miners’ cage could...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.faesmch.t51270070
EISBN: 978-1-62708-301-0
... with a recommendation to consider adding spring washers to the assembly. cadmium-plated bolts fractography scanning electron microscopy Summary Cadmium-plated high-strength steel bolts used in a radar antenna system reflector joint fractured at the fillet of the head. The fracture was intergranular...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2007
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.smnm.t52140039
EISBN: 978-1-62708-264-8
... to characterize the strength and ductility (a measure of bendability) of metals and other materials. The majority of such tests used to characterize the mechanical properties of steel are discussed in this chapter. The Tensile Test Consider the simple example of pulling apart a small spring a fair amount...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sfa.t52780147
EISBN: 978-1-62708-268-6
... testing and analysis to evaluate spring performance at tolerance extremes. Apache Main Rotor Blade Chapter 1 mentions the Apache helicopter main rotor blade failures. McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Company engineers designed the Apache helicopter blade (a bonded stainless steel, carbon fiber...
Image
Published: 01 April 2013
Fig. 9 Evaluation of cast transmission housing assembly. (a) Photograph of cast part. (b) Digital radiography image used to verify the steel spring pin and shuttle valve assembly through material thicknesses ranging from 3 mm (⅛ in.) in the channels to 25 mm (1 in.) in the rib sections More
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mnm2.t53060001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-261-7
.... The heat-treated Ford vanadium steel was also used in axles, shafts, springs, and gears. The increased strength allowed weight savings, but the heat treatment also resulted in improved toughness, or shock resistance. Mr. Ford recognized the great possibilities of this shock-resisting steel. It was a must...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 September 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.cfw.t52860065
EISBN: 978-1-62708-338-6
... at failure. Fig. 6.25 Breakaway post Rapid Progressive-Cure Filament-Wound Vehicle Spring The spring shown in Fig. 6.26 replaces one of metal. The advantage is that the filament-wound spring is elastic and returns to shape after many load cycles. The steel spring relaxes during its life...
Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.mnm2.t53060175
EISBN: 978-1-62708-261-7
... for specific applications include so-called electrical steels (for magnetic properties), spring steels (for high strength and fatigue resistance), and structural steels (for good combinations of both strength and toughness). Steels can be extruded, drawn, stamped, rolled, welded, and forged into many forms...