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Elongation to fracture as a function of rupture life of HK-40 and HK-30 com...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.48 Elongation to fracture as a function of rupture life of HK-40 and HK-30 comparing the as-cast specimens tested in air and the precarburized (thoroughly carburized) specimens tested in H 2 -1%CH 4 ( a c = 0.8) (to avoid decarburization) after creep-rupture testing at 1000 °C (1832 More
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Elongation to fracture as a function of rupture life of HK-40 and HK-30 com...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.49 Elongation to fracture as a function of rupture life of HK-40 and HK-30 comparing the data from tests in the carburizing environment (i.e., H 2 -1%CH 4 [ a c = 0.8]) and that from air tests at 1000 °C (1832 °F). Source: Ref 63 More
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1% creep strengths of HK-40 and HK-30 tested at 1000 °C (1832 °F) in air, H...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.51 1% creep strengths of HK-40 and HK-30 tested at 1000 °C (1832 °F) in air, H 2 -1%CH 4 ( a c = 0.8), and for precarburized specimens tested in H 2 -1%CH 4 . Source: Ref 63 More
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Effect of silicon on the carburization resistance of HK-40 with different s...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.32 Effect of silicon on the carburization resistance of HK-40 with different silicon levels tested at 1100 °C (2010 °F) for 520 h in carbon granulate (pack carburization test). Source: Ref 47 More
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Effect of machining on the carburization resistance of cast HK-40 alloy. So...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.38 Effect of machining on the carburization resistance of cast HK-40 alloy. Source: Ref 56 More
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Carbon concentration profiles for HK-40 alloy after testing at 1000 °C (183...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.43 Carbon concentration profiles for HK-40 alloy after testing at 1000 °C (1830 °F) for 100 h in a carburizing environment ( a c = 0.8, p O 2 is shown in Fig. 5.18 ) with and without injection of 100 ppm H 2 S. The specimen was a flat coupon with both sides being exposed More
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Effect of H 2 S on the carburization behavior of HK-40 alloy. Source: Ref ...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.44 Effect of H 2 S on the carburization behavior of HK-40 alloy. Source: Ref 35 More
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Comparative creep curves of HK-40 tested at 1000 °C (1832 °F) and 15 MPa in...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.50 Comparative creep curves of HK-40 tested at 1000 °C (1832 °F) and 15 MPa in air and H 2 -1% CH 4 ( a c = 0.8). Source: Ref 63 More
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Creep-rupture properties of Type HK-40 alloy. The scatter bands shown are s...

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in Functional Considerations of Design > Steel Castings Handbook
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 6-35 Creep-rupture properties of Type HK-40 alloy. The scatter bands shown are set arbitrarily at ±20% of the stress for the central tendency line. Such a range usually embraces test data for similar alloy compositions, but should not be considered statistically significant confidence More
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Variation of Poisson’s ratio with temperature for equiaxed HK-40 material (...

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in Physical Properties > Steel Castings Handbook
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 27-5 Variation of Poisson’s ratio with temperature for equiaxed HK-40 material ( 10 ) More
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Variation of specified heat with temperature of the HK-40 alloy ( 5 )

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in Physical Properties > Steel Castings Handbook
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 27-15 Variation of specified heat with temperature of the HK-40 alloy ( 5 ) More
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Temperature dependence of elevated-temperature strength properties of cast ...

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in Functional Considerations of Design > Steel Castings Handbook
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 6-34 Temperature dependence of elevated-temperature strength properties of cast heat-resistant high alloy grade HK-40 ( 43 ) More
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Detrimental effect of the electropolished surface condition on the carburiz...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.39 Detrimental effect of the electropolished surface condition on the carburization resistance of HK-40 alloy tested at 825 °C (1520 °F) in an environment with 0.8 a c and the oxygen potential shown in Fig. 5.18 . Source: Ref 35 More
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Variation of specific heat with temperature for several wrought stainless s...

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in Physical Properties > Steel Castings Handbook
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 27-16 Variation of specific heat with temperature for several wrought stainless steels (10). The nearest cast equivalent grades are: 304 ~ CF-8; 310 ~ CK-20, HK-40; 316 - CF-8M; 410 - CA-15. More
Book Chapter

Carburization and Metal Dusting

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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2007
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.htcma.t52080097
EISBN: 978-1-62708-304-1
.... 5.15 Carbon concentration profiles for HK (25Cr-20Ni) and several HP alloys (Cr/Ni) carburized at 1100 °C (2010 °F) for 520 h in pack carburization tests. Source: Ref 32 Fig. 5.16 Carbon concentration profiles of HK and HP alloys tested at 1050 °C (1920 °F) for 1200 h in 37%N 2 -40%H 2...
Abstract
This chapter discusses the conditions under which carburization and metal dusting occur. It describes the chemical reactions and thermodynamic relationships that drive carburization and metal dusting attack and the factors that determine the amount of damage that metals and alloys are likely to sustain. The chapter also explains how carburization affects creep strength and fracture toughness, and how surface conditions and finish and the presence of sulfur affect metal dusting behaviors.
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Book Chapter

Physical Properties

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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sch6.t68200404
EISBN: 978-1-62708-354-6
... of the most common heat-resistant grades, H, is shown in Figure 27-5 . Fig. 27-5 Variation of Poisson’s ratio with temperature for equiaxed HK-40 material ( 10 ) Shear Modulus The shear modulus is the ratio of shear stress to shear strain below the elastic limit with the units of psi...
Abstract
This chapter describes the physical properties of steels used for castings. The properties covered include density, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal diffusivity, electrical resistivity, and magnetic properties.
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Bar graph showing limiting creep stresses for the HK and HN cast alloys ( ...

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in Functional Considerations of Design > Steel Castings Handbook
Published: 01 December 1995
Fig. 6-32 Bar graph showing limiting creep stresses for the HK and HN cast alloys ( 40 ) More
Book Chapter

Heat-Resistant High Alloy Steels

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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.sch6.t68200298
EISBN: 978-1-62708-354-6
... (310) 38 165 HHI 85 (586) 50 (348) 25 185 HH II 80 (552) 40 (276) 15 180 HI 80 (552) 45 (310) 12 180 HK 75 (517) 50 (348) 17 170 HL 82 (563) 52 (359) 19 192 HN 68 (469) 38 (262) 13 160 HP 71 (490) 40 (276) 12 176 HT 70 (483) 40 (276) 10 180...
Abstract
This chapter provides a detailed discussion on the definitions, alloy classification, alloy selection, mechanical properties, hot gas corrosion resistance, and formability of heat-resistant high alloy steels. In addition, the applications of cast heat-resistant alloys are also discussed.
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Carbon concentration profiles of HK and HP alloys tested at 1050 °C (1920 °...

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in Carburization and Metal Dusting > High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications
Published: 01 November 2007
Fig. 5.16 Carbon concentration profiles of HK and HP alloys tested at 1050 °C (1920 °F) for 1200 h in 37%N 2 -40%H 2 -20%CO-3% CH 4 ( a c = 1.0, p O 2 = 3.4 × 10 –20 atm). Source: Ref 33 More
Book Chapter

Casting Alloys

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Series: ASM Technical Books
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.tb.ssde.t52310147
EISBN: 978-1-62708-286-0
... 309 J93505 0.20–0.50 24–28 11–14 2.00 HI J94003 0.20–0.50 26–30 14–18 2.00 HK 310 J94224 0.20–0.60 24–38 18–22 2.00 HK-30 J94203 0.25–0.35 23–27 19–22 1.75 HK-40 J94204 0.35–0.45 23–27 19–22 1.75 HL N08604 0.20–0.60 28–32 18–22 2.00 HN J94213...
Abstract
With typical alloy systems, casting is often the most convenient method by which to produce components. This is true for stainless steels, both for corrosion-resisting and for heat-resisting applications. This chapter discusses stainless steel casting alloys and their metallurgy. Foundry methods are discussed to the degree they are specific to the stainless alloys.
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