Fig. 1.2 Schematic diagram of typical crack propagation rate as a function of crack-tip stress-intensity behavior illustrating the regions of stage 1, 2, and 3 crack propagation as well as identifying the plateau velocity and the threshold stress intensity More

Fig. 9.38 Relation of crack initiation to crack propagation and failure. Source: Ref 9.38 More

Fig. 5.9 XSP of crack tip showing successive stages of crack propagation in a thermally embrittled stainless steel. Source: Ref 14 , 15 More

Fig. 2 Schematic of typical crack propagation rate as a function of crack tip stress-intensity behavior illustrating the regions of stages 1, 2, and 3 crack propagation, as well as identifying the plateau velocity and the threshold stress intensity More

Fig. 1.17 Relationship between the average crack propagation rate and the oxidation (i.e., dissolution and oxide growth) kinetics on a straining surface for several ductile alloy/aqueous environment systems More

Fig. 1.19 Variation in the average crack propagation rate in sensitized type 304 stainless steel in water at 288 °C (550 °F) with oxygen content. Data are from constant-extension-rate testing, constant-load testing, and field observations on boiling water reactor piping. IGSCC, intergranular More

Fig. 1.29 Typical subcritical crack propagation rate vs. stress-intensity relationship. Stress intensity, K , is defined as K = A σ π C / B , where σ is the total tensile stress, C is the crack length, and A and B are geometrical constants. More

Fig. 1.32 Comparison between observed and theoretical crack propagation/strain rate ( a ˙ / ε ˙ ) relationships for furnace-sensitized type 304 stainless steel in water/0.2 ppm oxygen at 288 °C (550 °F) More

Fig. 1.35 Schematic representation of crack propagation by the film rupture model, (a) Crack tip stays bare as a result of continuous deformation ( Ref 1.73 ). (b) Crack tip passivates and is ruptured repeatedly ( Ref 1.79 , 1.80 ). More

Fig. 7.21 Rate of stress-corrosion crack propagation as a function of σ g l in cold rolled brass exposed to 0.05 M CuSO 4 + 0.48 M (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (pH 7.25). Source: Ref 7.55 More

Fig. 17.48 Relationship of applied stress and flaw depth to crack propagation in hydrogen gas. Dashed lines show an example of the use of such a chart for a steel with K th of 60.5  MPa m ( 55  ksi in . ) at an operating stress of 359 MPa (52 ksi). Source: Ref More

Fig. 14.15 Fatigue crack propagation. Source: Ref 6 More

Fig. 14.18 Crack propagation curve for fatigue loading More

Fig. 13 Stages I and II of fatigue crack propagation More

Fig. 9 Fatigue-crack-propagation behavior. ABS, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene; PC, polycarbonate; M-PPE, modified polyphenylene ether More

Fig. 7 Specimens employed in fatigue crack propagation studies. (a) Single-edge-notch specimen. (b) Compact-tension specimen More

Fig. 8 Schematic illustration of the three distinct regimes of crack propagation rate observed in fatigue testing under constant amplitude loading conditions. For polymers, typical values of m range from 3 to 50, depending on the polymer system. More

Fig. 11 Comparison of fatigue crack propagation behavior in the Paris regime for several amorphous and semicrystalline polymers. Note enhanced fatigue resistance of the semicrystalline polymers. PC, polycarbonate; PMMA, polymethyl methacrylate; PPO, polypropylene oxide; PVF, polyvinyl formal More

Fig. 12 Fatigue crack propagation behavior for a rubber-toughened epoxy. The addition of rubber decreases the slope, m , at high crack growth rates due to toughening mechanisms and retarded crack growth. CTBN, carboxylterminated polybutadiene acrylonitrile rubber; MBS, methacrylate-butadiene More

Fig. 3 Thermal fatigue failure and conventional fatigue crack propagation fracture during reversed load cycling of acetal. Source: Ref 10 More