Fig. 13.7 Isothermal transformation diagram for a 410 stainless steel containing 0.11% C and 12.2% Cr austenitized at 980 °C (1800 °F). Source: Ref 13.7 More

Fig. 13.8 Intergranular corrosion produced by sensitizing a 410 steel on tempering. Corrosion test: 14 days in 20% salt fog. Source: Ref 13.8 . Copyright: NACE International, 1953 More

Fig. 3 Type 410 stainless steel. Composition: 0.11 C, 0.44 Mn, 0.37 Si, 0.16 Ni, 12.18 Cr. Austenitized at 980 °C (1800 °F). Grain size 6 to 7. (a) Time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curve. (b) End-quench hardenability. Source: Ref 3 More

Fig. 16.2 AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel quenched and tempered. (a) and (b) Tempered martensite. (c) Tempered martensite with grain boundaries decorated with fine precipitates. This precipitation can be clearly seen in SEM examination. Etchant: Kalling. Courtesy of A. Zeemann, Tecmetal More

Fig. 16.3 AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel quenched and tempered. (Double tempering at 730 and 690 °C, or 1345 and 1275 °F). Tempered martensite. Approximate hardness: 220 HB. Etchant: Kalling. Courtesy of A. Zeemann, Tecmetal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. More

Fig. 16.4 AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel quenched and tempered (excessive tempering). Tempered martensite. Approximate hardness: 185 HB. Etchant: Kalling. Courtesy of A. Zeemann, Tecmetal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. More

Fig. 16.5 Crack following prior austenitic grain boundaries in AISI 410 steel subjected to corrosion testing according to NACE TM 0177 standard. Courtesy of A. Zeemann, Tecmetal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. More

Fig. 15 Effect of tempering temperature on the hardness of type 410 martensitic stainless steel More

Fig. 18 Isothermal transformation diagram for type 410 stainless steel More

Fig. 20 AISI Type 410: Effect of tempering temperature on impact properties. Impact energy tests used are Izod, Charpy V-notch, or Charpy keyhole, as indicated. Heat treatment of test specimens: heated to and held at 955 °C (1750 °F) for 1 hour; oil quenched, tempered for 4 hours More

Fig. 6.13 Microstructure of a Cd-10Cu alloy that was cooled to 410 °C (770 °F) and held 20 h, then cooled to 305 °C (580 °F) and held 160 min (peritectic temperature: 397 °C, or 747 °F). Note the faceted coarse crystals of the peritectically-formed CuCd 3 envelopes (gray). The primary Cu 5 Cd More

Fig. 6.14 Same as Fig. 6.13 , except alloy was cooled to 410 °C (770 °F) and held 20 h, then cooled to 275 °C (525 °F) and held 160 min (peritectic temperature: 397 °C, or 747 °F; eutectic temperature: 314 °C, or 597 °F). Note large number of grain boundaries in the peritectic CuCd 3 phase More

Fig. 9.33 Effect of tempering temperature on 410 stainless steel on tensile properties and on fatigue properties when the tempering temperature was 400 and 850 °F. (a) Tensile properties. (b) Fatigue properties. Source: Ref 9.42 More

Fig. 5.62 Average metal loss as a function of exposure time (hours) for P91, 410, 310, and model alloy (410 + 2.75Si). Source: Ref 86 More

Fig. 6 (a) Annealed 410 showing carbides within an equiaxed ferrite matrix. (b) 410 quenched and tempered. (c) 416 quenched and tempered: white ferrite and gray sulfides in a martensite matrix. (d) 420 quenched and tempered showing fine carbides in a martensite matrix. (e) 420 quenched More

Fig. 23.26 Mechanical properties as a function of tempering temperature of type 410 stainless steel. Data on left are for specimens austenitized at 925 °C (1697 °F), and data on right are for specimens austenitized at 1010 °C (1850 °F). All specimens oil quenched between 65 and 95 °C (149 More

Fig. 1.15 Micrograph of AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel showing a microstructure consisting of 100% martensite. Etched in Kalling’s No. 1 reagent. 500× More

Fig. 2.28 Martensite in a SAE 410 stainless steel. Vilella’s etch. 500×. Courtesy of K. Luer, Lehigh University More

Fig. 23.4 Effects of tempering temperature on type 410 martensitic stainless steel. Austenitized 30 min at 925 °C (1700 °F), oil quenched to room temperature, double stress relieved at 175 °C (350 °F) for 15 min, water quenched to room temperature, tempered as shown for 2 h. Source: Ref 4 More

Fig. 44 SEM image of PM martensitic 410 surface with cleavage type fracture associated with a high degree of brittleness More