Aluminum alloys are primarily used for nonferrous castings because of their light weight and corrosion resistance. This article discusses at length the melting and metal treatment, structure control, sand casting, permanent mold casting, and die casting of aluminum alloys. It also covers the types and melting and casting practices of copper alloys, zinc alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, and superalloys, and provides a brief account on the casting technique of metal-matrix composites.