• Srinath Viswanathan, Chair

   University of Alabama

• Diran Apelian

   Worcester Polytechnic Institute

• Raymond J. Donahue

   Mercury Marine

• Babu DasGupta

   National Science Foundation

• Michael Gywn

   ATI Inc.

• John L. Jorstad

   J.L.J. Technologies, Inc.

• Raymond W. Monroe

   Steel Founders’ Society of America

• Mahi Sahoo

   CANMET Materials Technology Laboratory

• Thomas E. Prucha

   American Foundry Society

• Daniel Twarog

   North American Die Casting Association

• Kevin R. Anderson

   Mercury Marine

• Princewill N. Anyalebechi

   Padnos College of Engineering & Computing, Grand Valley State University

• Diran Apelian

   Metal Processing Institute, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

• Lars Arnberg

   Norwegian University Of Science & Technology

• Henry Bakemeyer

   Die Casting Design and Consulting

• Bryan Baker

   Vulcan Engineering Co.

• Stewart A Ballantyne

   Allvac Allegheny Technologies Company

• Scott A. Balliett

   Latrobe Specialty Steel Company

• Christoph Beckermann

   University Of Iowa, The

• Michel Bellet

   Ecole des Mines de Paris, Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF)

• Joe Bigelow

   CONTECH U.S. LLC

• Ron Bird

   Stainless Foundry & Engineering

• Malcolm Blair

   Steel Founders Society of America

• William Boettinger

   NIST

• James A. Brock Sr.

   Alcoa

• Harold D. Brody

   University Of Connecticut

• Craig C. Brown

   Stork Technimet, Inc.

• Zach Brown

   CONTECH U.S. LLC

• Andreas Buhrig-Polackzek

   Gieberei-Institut, Germany

• Willam A. Butler

   General Motors (Retired)

• John Campbell

   University of Birmingham, UK

• Paul G. Campbell

   Metaullics Systems Division Pyrotek, Inc.

• Robert D. Carnahan

   Thixomat Inc.

• Sujoy Chaudhury

   Honeywell International, Inc.

• K. K. Chawla

   University of Alabama At Birmingham

• Leigh Chen

   Technical Materials Incorporated

• Yeou-Li Chu

   Ryobi Die Casting

• Craig D. Clauser

   Craig Clauser Engineering Consulting Incorporated

• Steve L. Cockroft

   The University of British Columbia

• Chris Cooper

   Vulcan Engineering Co.

• James D. Cotton

   The Boeing Co.

• Randall Counselman

   Oldenburg Group Incorporated

• Jonathan A. Dantzig

   University of Illinois-Urbana

• Atef Daoud

   Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, Cairo, Egypt

• Craig V. Darragh

   The Timken Company

• Babu DasGupta

   National Science Foundation

• Bob Dawson

   Honeywell Aerospace MCOE

• Raymond Decker

   Thixomat Incorporated

• Raymond J. Donahue

   Mercury Marine

• Daniel Dos Santos

   Gießerei Institut der RWTH Aachen

• Jon Dossett

   Metallurgical Consultant

• Jean Marie Drezet

   Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

• Alan P. Druschitz

   University of Alabama at Birmingham

• Cor van Ettinger

   Gieterij Doesburg

• Henry “Ed” Fairman

   Cincinnati Metallurgical Consultants

• Edward W. Flynn

   General Motors

• Jim Frost

   ACIPCO (American Cast Iron Pipe Company)

• Richard Fruehan

   Carnegie Mellon University

• Rafael Gallo

   Foseco Metallurgical

• Charles-André Gandin

   Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF)

• George Giles

   Morganite Crucible Inc

• Peter C. Glaws

   The Timken Company

• Martin E. Glicksman

   University of Florida

• George Goodrich

   Stork Climax Research Services

• Frank E. Goodwin

   International Lead Zinc

• Lee Gouwens

   CMI Novacast Inc.

• Ronald Graham

   ATI Wah Chang

• Patrick Grant

   Oxford University

• Daniel E. Groteke

   Q. C. Designs Inc.

• Mustafa Guclu

   Stanley Associates Inc.

• Richard Gundlach

   Stork Climax Research Services

• Nikhil Gupta

   Polytechnic University

• Mike Gwyn

   ATI, Inc.

• John Hall

   Hall Permanent Mold Machines

• Qingyou Han

   Purdue University

• Larry D. Hanke

   Materials Evaluation and Engineering Inc

• Justin Heimsch

   Madison Kipp Corporation

• Juan Carlos Heinrich

   The University of New Mexico

• Gregg Holman

   Wah Chang

• Robert A. Horton

   Precision Metalsmiths Incorporated

• Donald J. Hurtuk

   H.C. Starck Inc.

• Alain Jacot

   Laboratoire de Simulation des Matériaux

• John L. Jorstad

   J.L.J. Technologies, Inc.

• Ursula R. Kattner

   N I S T/Metallurgy Division

• Seymour Katz

   S. Katz Associates

• Jay S. Keist

   Worcester Polytechnic Institute

• Graham Keough

   Consarc Corporation

• Matthew Krane

   Purdue University

• Mary Beth Krusiak

   Sand Technology Co. LLC

• T.A. Kuhn

   Alcoa Primary Metals

• Wilfried Kurz

   Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (EPFL) Switzerland

• Selcuk Kuyucak

   CANMET Materials Technology Laboratory

• Vic La Fay

   Hill & Griffith Company

• Robin A. Lampson

   Retech Systems LLC

• David Lee

   Howmet Corp.

• Ben Q. Li

   University of Michigan Dearborn

• Alan Luo

   General Motors R&D Center

• Dan Maas

   Ex-One

• James F. Major

   Alcan International Ltd

• Makhlouf M. Makhlouf

   Metal Processing Institute, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

• William L. Mankins

   Metallurgical Services Incorporated

• Stephen J. Mashl

   Bodycote HIP Andover

• Ragnvald H. Mathiesen

   Norwegian University of Science and Technology

• Robert J. McInerney

   BuhlerPrince

• Scott McIntyre

   Grede Foundrie

• Brad McKee

   Deloro Stellite Inc.

• Harold T. Michels

   Copper Development Association

• Tony Midea

   Foseco Metallurgical Inc.

• Paul H Mikkola

   Metal Casting Technology Incorporated

• Asbjørn Mo

   SINTEF Materials and Chemistry

• Raymond W. Monroe

   Steel Founders' Society of America

• Y.V. Murty

   Cellular Materials International, Inc.

• Laurentiu Nastac

   Concurrent Technologies Corporation

• David V. Neff

   Metaullics Systems Division Pyrotek, Inc.

• Charles Nelson

   Morris Bean and Company

• Itsuo Ohnaka

   Osaka Sangyo University, Japan

• Cory Padfield

   American Axle & Manufacturing

• Qingyue Pan

   SPX Corporation

• Charles A. Parker

   Honeywell Aerospace

• Kent Peaslee

   Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T)

• Robert D. Pehlke

   Univ of Michigan

• John H. Perepezko

   University of Wisconsin, Madison

• Ralph Perkul

   Foundry Solutions and Design LLC

• Gordon H. Peters

   Intermet-PCPC

• Robert Pischel

   FOSECO Metallurgical Inc.

• David R. Poirier

   University of Arizona

• David Poweleit

   Steel Founders' Society of America

• William L. Powell

   ThyssenKrupp-Waupaca (Retired)

• Thomas E. Prucha

   American Foundry Society

• Peter Quested

   Industry and Innovation Division, National Physical Laboratory, UK

• Wayne Rasmussen

   Consultant

• Martin Reeves

   Striko-Dynarad

• Allen Richardson

   SPX Corporation

• Pradeep Rohatgi

   University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

• Elwin L. Rooy

   Elwin Rooy and Associates

• Gary Ruff

   SMW Automotive Corporation

• Kumar (Muthukumarasamy) Sadayappan

   CANMET Materials Technology Laboratory

• Mahi Sahoo

   CANMET Materials Technology Laboratory

• Kenneth Savage

   Magnesium Elektron

• Gary Scholl

   Metal Casting Technology Incorporated

• Ted Schorn

   Enkei America, Inc.

• Benjamin F. Schultz

   University of Wisconsin-Milwakee

• David Schwam

   Case Western Reserve University

• William D. Scott

   AAA Alchemy

• John Serra

   Carpenter Brothers Inc.

• Sumanth Shankar

   McMaster University

• Geoffrey K. Sigworth

   Alcoa Primary Metals

• Steve Sikkenga

   Cannon-Muskegon Corporation

• Brian V. Smith

   General Motors Corporation, Powertrain Division

• Jerry Sokolowski

   University of Windsor

• Al Spada

   American Foundry Society

• Karl Staudhammer

   Los Alamos National Laboratory

• Doru M. Stefanescu

   The Ohio State University

• Ingo Steinbach

   RWTH-Aachen, ACCESS e. V.

• Karthik Subbiah

   SPX Product Solutions Group

• Erin H. Sunseri

   Iowa State University

• Tony Suschil

   Foseco Inc

• Richard Sutherlin

   ATI Wah Chang

• Edward S. Szekeres

   Casting Consultants Incorporated

• Brian G. Thomas

   University of Illinois

• Michael L. Tims

   Concurrent Technologies Corporation

• David W. Tripp

   TIMET

• Rohit Trivedi

   AMES Laboratory

• Paul Trojan

   University of Michigan-Dearborn

• John Troxler

   Rolls Royce

• Nao Tsumagari

   American Showa, Inc.

• Daniel Twarog

   North American Die Casting Association

• Derek E. Tyler

   Olin Metals Thin Strip (retired)

• Don Tyler

   General Aluminum Manufacturing Company

• Stephen Udvardy

   North American Die Casting Association

• Juan J. Valencia

   Concurrent Technologies Corporation

• Srinath Viswanathan

   University of Alabama Birmingham

• Robert C. Voigt

   Penn State University

• Vaughan R. Voller

   University of Minnesota

• Tom Waring

   ME Elecmetal

• Sufei Wei

   Centrifugal Casting Machine Company Incorporated

• David White

   Schaefer Furnace

• Lawrence Whiting

   CANMET Materials Technology Laboratory

• Richard Williams

   FOSECO Metallurgical Inc.

• Greg G.Woycik

   Woycik Consulting

• Oscar Yu

   RTI International Metals, Inc.

• Keith Zhang

   Teck Cominco Metals Ltd.

• Dianne Chong

   President and Trustee

   The Boeing Company

• Roger J. Fabian

   Vice President and Trustee

   Bodycote Thermal Processing

• Lawrence C. Wagner

   Immediate Past President and Trustee

   Texas Instruments Inc (retired)

• Paul L. Huber

   Treasurer and Trustee

   Seco/Warwick Corporation

• Stanley C. Theobald

   Secretary and Managing Director

   ASM International

• Sue S. Baik-Kromalic

   Honda of America

• Christopher C. Berndt

   Swinburne University of Technology

• Brady G. Butler

   University of Utah

• Danniel P. Dennies

   The Boeing Company

• Leigh C. Duren

   Worcester Polytechnic Institute

• Pradeep Goyal

   Pradeep Metals Ltd.

• Digby D. Macdonald

   Penn State University

• Subhash Mahajan

   Arizona State University

• Charles A. Parker

   Honeywell Aerospace

• Megan M. Reynolds

   Washington State University

• Mark F. Smith

   Sandia National Laboratories

• Jon D. Tirpak

   ATI

• Larry D. Hanke

   (Chair 2006–; Member 1994–)

   Materials Evaluation and Engineering Inc.

• Kent L. Johnson

   (Vice Chair 2006–; Member 1999–)

   Engineering Systems Inc.

• Viola L. Acoff (2005–)

   University of Alabama

• David E. Alman (2002–2008)

   National Energy Technology Laboratory

• Tim Cheek (2004–)

   DELTA (v) Forensic Engineering

• Lichun Leigh Chen (2002–)

   Technical Materials Incorporated

• Sarup K. Chopra (2007–)

   Nook Industries

• Craig Clauser (2005–)

   Craig Clauser Engineering Consulting Incorporated

• Craig V. Darragh (1989–)

   The Timken Company

• Jon L. Dossett (2006–)

   Consultant

• David U. Furrer (2006–)

   Rolls-Royce Corporation

• Lee Gearhart (2005–2008)

   Moog Inc.

• Ernest W. Klechka (2006–)

   Lloyd Register Capstone Inc.

• Alan T. Male (2003–)

   University of Kentucky

• William L. Mankins (1989–)

   Metallurgical Services Inc.

• Dana J. Medlin (2005–2008)

   South Dakota School of Mines and Technology

• Joseph W. Newkirk (2005–)

   University of Missouri-Rolla

• Cory J. Padfield (2006–)

   Hyundai America Technical Center Inc.

• Toby V. Padfield (2004–)

   ZF Sachs Automotive of America

• Charles A. Parker (2007–)

   Honeywell Aerospace

• Elwin L. Rooy (2007–)

   Elwin Rooy & Associates

• Karl P. Staudhammer (1997–)

   Los Alamos National Laboratory

• Kenneth B. Tator (1991–)

   KTA-Tator Inc.

• George F. Vander Voort (1997–)

   Buehler Ltd.

• J.F. Harper

   (1923–1926) (Member 1923–1926)

• W.J. Merten

   (1927–1930) (Member 1923–1933)

• L.B. Case

   (1931–1933) (Member 1927–1933)

• C.H. Herty, Jr.

   (1934–1936) (Member 1930–1936)

• J.P. Gill

   (1937) (Member 1934–1937)

• R.L. Dowdell

   (1938–1939) (Member 1935–1939)

• G.V. Luerssen

   (1943–1947) (Member 1942–1947)

• J.B. Johnson

   (1948–1951) (Member 1944–1951)

• E.O. Dixon

   (1952–1954) (Member 1947–1955)

• N.E. Promisel

   (1955–1961) (Member 1954–1963)

• R.W.E. Leiter

   (1962–1963) (Member 1955–1958, 1960–1964)

• D.J. Wright

   (1964–1965) (Member 1959–1967)

• J.D. Graham

   (1966–1968) (Member 1961–1970)

• W.A. Stadtler

   (1969–1972) (Member 1962–1972)

• G.J. Shubat

   (1973–1975) (Member 1966–1975)

• R. Ward

   (1976–1978) (Member 1972–1978)

• G.N. Maniar

   (1979–1980) (Member 1974–1980)

• M.G.H. Wells

   (1981) (Member 1976–1981)

• J.L. McCall

   (1982) (Member 1977–1982)

• L.J. Korb

   (1983) (Member 1978–1983)

• T.D. Cooper

   (1984–1986) (Member 1981–1986)

• D.D. Huffman

   (1986–1990) (Member 1982–)

• D.L. Olson

   (1990–1992) (Member 1982–1988, 1989–1992)

• R.J. Austin

   (1992–1994) (Member 1984–1985)

• W.L. Mankins

   (1994–1997) (Member 1989–)

• M.M. Gauthier

   (1997–1998) (Member 1990–2000)

• C.V. Darragh

   (1999–2002) (Member 1989–)

• Henry E. Fairman

   (2002–2004) (Member 1993–2005)

• Jeffrey A. Hawk

   (2004–2006) (Member 1997–2008)

• Larry D. Hanke

   (2006–2008) (Member 1994–)

ASM International staff who contributed to the development of the Volume included Steve Lampman, Project Editor; Charles Moosbrugger, Editor; Eileen DeGuire, Editor; Madrid Tramble, Senior Production Coordinator; Ann Britton, Editorial Assistant; Diane Whitelaw, Production Coordinator; Kathryn Muldoon, Production Assistant; Scott D. Henry, Senior Product Manager; and Bonnie R. Sanders, Manager of Production. Editorial assistance was provided by Elizabeth Marquard, Heather Lampman, and WPR Indexing Service.