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Edward Huang
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Proceedings Papers
ISTFA2023, ISTFA 2023: Conference Proceedings from the 49th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis, 34-40, November 12–16, 2023,
Abstract
View Papertitled, Evaluation of Inductor for Solderability and Drop Damage Susceptibility
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for content titled, Evaluation of Inductor for Solderability and Drop Damage Susceptibility
Lead-free solder joints tend to be more susceptible to brittle fracture, and thus susceptible to drop-damage. Drop testing of handheld ultrasound devices revealed broken solder joints on a large inductor component. Analysis of the cracks showed a dual intermetallic compound (IMC) layer of Ni 3 Sn 4 (closest to the nickel) and (Ni,Cu) 6 Sn 5 , with the crack occurring in between the two layers. The inductor had a tinned nickel lead finish; the solder was SAC305 (a common lead-free solder comprising Sn, Ag, and Cu); and the printed circuit board (PCB) had a standard copper finish. The failure occurred very soon after manufacture and had not been enhanced by temperature cycling or aging, but it was not a time-zero failure: mechanical shocks from drops were required to propagate the crack through the joint fully. Strain measurements did not find any large strains after reflow and assembly, and no other components on the board showed cracking. There was no cracking observed at the PCB (Cu) side of the solder joint. The solution ultimately was to redesign the board, replacing the large single component with several smaller ones.