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A. Sickinger
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Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2007, Thermal Spray 2007: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1080-1083, May 14–16, 2007,
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In order to address deficiencies in thermal spray coatings applied using air plasma spraying (APS) and high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF), namely, adhesion, cohesion, porosity and line of sight limitations, novel hybrid coatings using post - thermal spray chemical vapor deposition via the pack cementation process were developed. Coatings based on tungsten carbide-cobalt chrome and chrome carbide-nickel chrome followed by boron or chrome diffusion were applied to multistage and single stage pump components for severe service applications in sand and alumina catalyst. Field testing established the effectiveness of using the dual coating approach.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2005, Thermal Spray 2005: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 106-110, May 2–4, 2005,
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To overcome the problem of depositing dense refractory coatings, a study was undertaken on the effect of using three plasma gases simultaneously when depositing tungsten and tungsten alloys utilizing Low Pressure Plasma Spraying (LPPS). A greater degree of control of the plasma flame temperature, jet velocity, and heat transfer capability is believed to occur when using ternary gas mixtures. Samples were prepared and coated using Argon, Helium, and Hydrogen in different ratios. Variations of chamber pressures were used as an additional parameter to control and optimize the deposits. The samples were sectioned and analyzed. Microstructural features such as porosity, unmelted particles, and grain size, were characterized using optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Fractography was used to determine lamellar thickness and distribution. Mechanical properties were evaluated by measuring the microhardness of the different coatings in comparison to one another.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2005, Thermal Spray 2005: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1441, May 2–4, 2005,
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This work describes the synthesis and characterization of nanostructured coatings produced by low pressure plasma spraying (LPPS) of cryomilled NiTi powder. Ni and Ti powders (60 and 40 wt %, respectively) were cryomilled together and LPPS sprayed onto stainless steel substrates. The elemental powders reacted and alloyed during cryomilling forming a nanocrystalline grain structure with nanodispersed oxide and nitride phases. These nanodispersoids are formed due to contamination by the milling media (liquid nitrogen). After spray deposition, the coatings presented a nanostructured microstructure with enhanced mechanical properties when compared with conventional NiTi coatings sprayed under the same conditions. High hardness and toughness values together with intrinsic corrosion resistance of the NiTi alloy lead to the formation of an attractive coating material for applications where corrosion and wear resistance are required. The ability to synthesize the NiTi from elemental Ni and Ti powders and the refinement of the microstructure achieved during milling makes the cryomilling process together with thermal spray of the nanostructured NiTi coatings a unique process and coating to be used in engineering applications. Abstract only; no full-text paper available.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2003, Thermal Spray 2003: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 589-595, May 5–8, 2003,
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Thermal spray technology offers the advantage of producing thin-walled parts. Especially thermal spraying of NiTi shape memory foils demands highest control of atmospheric conditions due to their affinity to e.g. oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen at high temperatures. This article describes two inert thermal spray techniques in order to produce free-standing shape memory foils, namely low pressure wire arc (LPWAS) and vacuum plasma spraying (VPS). The advantage of low pressure wire arc spraying is the ability to use NiTi wire from commercial suppliers without the detour of powder production, which may result in additional undesired reactions and phases. The benefit of vacuum plasma spraying is the higher kinetic energy of the particles due to higher plasma gas amount and speed. Within the scope of this paper, coatings produced with both methods (LPWAS and VPS) are discussed with regard to their coating microstructure and physical / chemical properties, transformation temperatures (DSC), porosity (%) and their shape memory effect.