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1-9 of 9
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
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Proceedings Papers
ITSC2016, Thermal Spray 2016: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 939-945, May 10–12, 2016,
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Commercially pure aluminum was arc sprayed on low-carbon manganese steel and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was carried on coating samples in a simulated marine immersion environment at 35 °C. A simple pore network circuit model was used to analyze the data and calculate the corrosion rate, which was estimated to be 5-15 μm/y from the charge transfer resistance value. After 9 months of exposure, the actual corrosion rate was found to be ~5 μm/y. The mechanism of protection offered by thermally sprayed aluminum (TSA) coatings is discussed.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2011, Thermal Spray 2011: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 218-223, September 27–29, 2011,
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The corrosion behavior of thermally sprayed Al-Zn alloy coatings immersed in NaCl aqueous solution was determined by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Ohmic resistance and capacitance of the corrosion product film formed on the sprayed coating surface, and the corrosion resistance and electric double layer capacitance at the interface between the sprayed coating and the solution were evaluated. As immersion time in NaCl solution increased, the corrosion rate of the Al-2mass%Zn coating increased, but the corrosion rate for Al-6mass%Zn and Al-15mass%Zn coatings decreased due to the influence of the corrosion product.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2011, Thermal Spray 2011: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1324-1329, September 27–29, 2011,
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In this paper the characteristics (microstructure, phase compositions) and electrical insulating properties of thermally sprayed alumina coatings produced by suspension-HVOF (S-HVOF) process and conventional HVOF spray method are compared. The electrical resistance (electrical resistivity) and dielectric strength were investigated using DC-electrical resistance measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and dielectric breakdown test. The electrical resistance was determined at room temperature at different relative air humidity (RH) levels, from 6% RH up to 97% RH. Differences in the electrical insulating properties due to the different coating characteristics are discussed. The suspension-sprayed Al 2 O 3 coatings showed better electrical resistance stability at high humidity levels (> 75% RH), which could be explained by a specific microstructure and retention of a higher content of α-Al 2 O 3 . Nonetheless, the values of dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength recorded for suspension sprayed coatings were lower than those of HVOF coatings.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2009, Thermal Spray 2009: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 12-17, May 4–7, 2009,
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Plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) can be potentially employed as electrolyte coating in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The formation of a convex coating surface with semi-melted particles will increase the specific surface area and subsequently improve the output performance of SOFCs. However, using completely molten YSZ particles during plasma spraying leads to the formation of locally flat surface owing to the spreading of the liquid droplets on impact. In this study, flame spraying was employed to deposit YSZ particles on YSZ substrate using surface-melted particles. 4.5 mol% YSZ powder particles were used as spray materials. The deposition was carried out at different spray distances on the YSZ substrate preheated to 650 °C. The surface morphology of YSZ particles was characterized by SEM. The bonding of YSZ particles with the underlying YSZ substrate was examined from cross section. The electrochemical behavior of a single cell with a structured cathode was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that spray distance has significant influence on the morphology of deposited YSZ particles. The cathode polarization of a structured cathode was decreased by about 30% compared to a flat cathode.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2008, Thermal Spray 2008: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 984-989, June 2–4, 2008,
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Moving from a 2-dimensional to a 3-dimensional approach to microstructure and properties has been expected eagerly for a long while to result in a dramatic increase in the knowledge of thermally-sprayed processes and coatings. To meet these expectations, in the present work, microtomography and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were carried out to simulate the microstructure of plasma-sprayed alumina. As-sprayed and excimer laser-processed deposits were studied. Some unexpected but relevant results, e.g. regarding pore orientation in the coatings, could be obtained. EIS simulation led to the establishing of an electrical circuit equivalent to the microstructure which simulated the insulating properties as a function of interfaces and pore interconnection. The latter was studied by microtomography. From this 3-dimensional simulation, a finite element analysis of mechanical properties was developed and compared to experimental measurements. Using this approach to microstructure and properties, excimer laser surface processing was shown to be an innovative process to modify insulating characteristics of plasma-sprayed alumina.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2006, Thermal Spray 2006: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1093-1100, May 15–18, 2006,
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Complex multi-scale pore network architecture characterized by a multi-modal pore size distribution and connectivity develops during the manufacturing of ceramic thermal spray coatings from intralamellar and interlamellar cracks generated when each lamella spreads and solidifies to globular pores resulting from lamella stacking defects. This network significantly affects the coating properties and their in-service behaviors. The De Hoff’s stereological analysis permits the quantification of the 3-D distribution of spheroids (i.e., pores) from the determination of their 2-D distribution estimated by image analysis when analyzing the coating structure from a polished plane. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy aims at electrochemically oscillating a material surface by frequency variable current and potential and at analyzing the complex impedance. When a coating covers the material surface, the electrolyte percolates through the more or less connected pore network to locally corrode the substrate. The resistive and capacitive characteristics of the equivalent electrical circuit will depend upon the connected pore network architecture. Al 2 O 3 -13TiO 2 coatings were atmospherically plasma sprayed using several sets of power parameters, the arc current intensity, the plasma gas total flow rate and the plasma gas composition, namely to scan their effects on the pore network architecture. In parallel, particle characteristics upon impact, especially their related dimensionless numbers such as Reynolds, Weber and Sommerfeld criterion, were determined. Analyses permitted the identification of (i) the major effects of power parameters on the pore architecture and (ii) the related formation mechanisms.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2003, Thermal Spray 2003: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 163-168, May 5–8, 2003,
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This work addresses the fabrication of membrane-type SOFCs, operating at an intermediate temperature using all components fabricated by plasma spray technology, and to evaluate the performance of the SOFC single unit at a temperature range of 500-800 0C. Single cells composed of a LaSrMnO 3 (“LSM”) cathode, LaSrGaMgO 3 (“LSGM”) electrolyte and a Ni/YSZ anode, were fabricated in successive atmospheric plasma spraying processes. Plasma spraying processes have been optimized and tailored to each layer in order to achieve a high porosity cathode or anode layer as well as a high density electrolyte layer. Major effort has been devoted to the production of the LSGM electrolyte film with high density and free-cracking. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the conductivity of the electrode layers and particularly the resistance of the electrolyte layer. It was revealed that the heat treatment had a great influence on the specific conductivity of the sprayed electrolyte layer, and that the specific conductivity of the heat-treated one was dramatically increased to the same magnitude as that of a sintered LSGM pellet. The experimental results have demonstrated that the plasma spray process has great potential for the integrated fabrication of the medium temperature SOFC units.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2003, Thermal Spray 2003: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1487-1493, May 5–8, 2003,
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Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) deposited either by air plasma spray (APS) or electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) provides thermal insulation to the superalloy blades and vanes. The durability and reliability of TBCs play an important role in the service reliability and durability of hot-section components in advanced turbine engines. Development of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for quality control, lifetime monitoring and lifetime prediction of TBCs have been the focus of research for designers, manufacturers and users of the advanced turbine engines. In this work, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used as a NDE technique to evaluate the varying microstructure and chemistry of as-coated TBCs. EIS were acquired at the corrosion potential for TBCs with varying thickness, microstructure and chemistry using 0.01 M [Fe(CN)6]–3/ [Fe(CN)6]-4·3H 2 O electrolyte solution. Equivalent circuits corresponding to the multiplayer constituents of TBCs were then correlated to the experimental EIS data. Resistance and capacitance of various components in TBCs can provide useful information regarding the microstructure and chemistry as-coated TBCs.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC1998, Thermal Spray 1998: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 211-216, May 25–29, 1998,
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Different oxides layers have been studied by friction in natural sea water medium under the same conditions (Cr 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 + Cr 2 O 3 ). The evolution of different parameters have been analyzed: friction coefficient, electrochemical potential, degradation of the layers in the contact, impedance spectroscopy. The main result observed is concerned by the cracking of the coatings under stresses, in such a way interconnection paths are rapidly present between the substrate and the sea water medium through the layers. The coating impregnation process by epoxy, before the tribocorrosion tests, improve the protection of the substrate against the corrosion.