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Recrystallization temperature
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Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2019, Thermal Spray 2019: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 151-157, May 26–29, 2019,
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This study assesses the viability of using nitrogen instead of helium to cold spray NiCoCrAlTaY coatings onto single-crystal superalloy substrates. The process, though feasible, has a low deposition efficiency, leading to a high level of deformation that affects the microstructure of both the coating and substrate. SEM and TEM analysis revealed metallurgical and mechanical bonding at the interface and grain refinement in the coating. A fine grain structure that developed in the substrate after deposition was also observed possibly caused by dynamic recrystallization during the deposition process. Evidence of element segregation in the substrate, identifiable as zones with a deformed γ/γ’ structure, was found as well.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2013, Thermal Spray 2013: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 258-262, May 13–15, 2013,
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In this study, aluminum is deposited by cold gas spraying on smooth and rough alumina substrates. SEM examination of single particle splats on polycrystalline Al 2 O 3 suggests that mechanical interlocking is the primary bonding mechanism for cold gas sprayed metals on rough ceramic surfaces. Coating cross-sections on monocrystalline, atomically smooth sapphire substrates were examined by means of high-resolution TEM, revealing nanosized Al grains close to the interface, which could be an indicator of recrystallisation induced by local heating and the deformation energy stored in the particle during impact.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2001, Thermal Spray 2001: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 99-104, May 28–30, 2001,
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In the present study, hydroxyapatite coatings were deposited on Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrate by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray technique. The as sprayed HA powders and coatings were analyzed with the aim to reveal the melting state of HA powders and its influence on coating properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed for the characterization of the starting powders and as-sprayed coatings. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to determine the recrystallization temperature of the amorphous phase in HVOF HA coating. Results show that different melting state of HA powders can be achieved through altering HA powder size and/or spray parameters. XRD result reveals that the as sprayed HA coating made from large powders with size of ~50 µm is composed of crystalline HA and very small amount of a-tricalcium phosphate (TCP). While the coatings deposited using fine powders around 30 μm demonstrated a lot of amorphous phase besides crystalline HA and small amount of a-TCP. The recrystallization temperature of the amorphous phase in HA coating is ~720°C. The adhesive strength of the HVOF sprayed HA coatings is ~31MPa and is largely dependent on the melting state of HA powders. This suggests that the fully melted state of the feedstock can result in the formation of amorphous phase, and simultaneously decrease the adhesive strength. It also suggests that the melted fraction of the powders is the most critical factor influencing the adhesive strength and phase composition of HVOF HA coatings. The partial melting state of HA powders is beneficial in terms of adhesive strength and crystallinity.