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Niobium alloys
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Proceedings Papers
ITSC2000, Thermal Spray 2000: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 371-375, May 8–11, 2000,
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An analytical thermal stress calculation and an in situ thermal stress measurement are developed at low temperatures (from room temperature to liquid helium temperature) on a cylindrical specimen made from an inner bulk niobium wall and a copper alloy VPS coating. This kind of structure is proposed for superconducting cavities in order to reduce the cavity frequency shift due to Lorentz forces. Since the superconducting cavity works at liquid helium temperature (below 4 K) and the niobium thermal expansion ratio is very different from the thermal expansion ratio of copper, thermal stress evaluations during the cool down are necessaries. The experimental approach consists in two series of measurements, the first series of measurements is performed at bulk niobium, bulk copper and thermal sprayed copper since the use of strain gage at liquid helium temperature is unknown from the manufacturer and the behaviour of the strain gage on the copper alloy coating is also unknown, the thermal compensation of strain gage from helium temperature to room temperature is imperative. Then the strain measurements are realized at inner surface (bulk niobium substrate) and outside (copper alloy VPS coating) of the cylindrical specimen. The analytical calculation takes into account non linear thermal expansivities of the materials, the calculated prediction of thermal stress is verified by measurement, a first observation on the copper alloy coating thermal expansion behaviour at low temperatures is established. Key words: thermal spray coating, thermal stress calculation and measurement, liquid helium temperature, superconducting radiofrequency cavities stiffening
Proceedings Papers
New Powdered Silicide Materials for Thermal Spraying Process and Coatings on the Niobium Base Alloys
ITSC1998, Thermal Spray 1998: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1167-1171, May 25–29, 1998,
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The given article presents some results of the scientific research devoted to the development of a new class of scale-resistant powder materials of the Si-Ti-Mo-B system for thermal spraying and using these materials for the creation of heat-resistant coatings on the niobium base alloys by means of various methods of thermal spraying. Also under consideration are problems relating to the theory and practice of obtaining reliable protective coatings on high-melting metals and their alloys, niobium ones included, intended for operation in high-enthalpy oxygen-containing gas flows. Hazard in commencing an oxidation reaction of the base material under coating is connected with density of open pores and cracks, and partial pressure of the oxidizer. Powdered multicomponent heterophase materials for gas-thermal spraying of protective coating with a self-healing ability and controlled properties are proposed. Finally the results of some properties of new silicide-type heterophase powders containing silicide and boride phases for a thermal spraying process and some properties of protective coating deposited on the niobium base alloys by means of a thermal spraying technique are presented.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC1998, Thermal Spray 1998: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1271-1276, May 25–29, 1998,
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Near-net-shape spray forming reduces the cost and complexity of fabricating certain types of structures. Although such components perform adequately as-sprayed, improvements achieved through alloying, thermal treatments, and additional coating steps are often worth pursuing. In tungsten components, for example, additions of rhenium, nickel, or iron can significantly improve material strength and ductility; thermal treatments such as heat treating and hot isostatic pressing can change and densify microstructures; and coating exposed surfaces can improve environmental compatibility. Such improvements in plasma spray formed refractory metal components are presented in this paper.