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1-9 of 9
Chromium steel
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Proceedings Papers
ITSC2016, Thermal Spray 2016: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 694-699, May 10–12, 2016,
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Previous studies have shown that austenite-to-martensite transformations occur in certain ferrous materials under an applied load, along with synergistic improvements in hardness and wear resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of such transformations on the tribological properties of chromium steel (FeCCrTiAl) coatings and overlays. The coatings were produced by arc wire spraying and the overlays by arc surfacing. Microstructure and phase composition were analyzed and abrasive and adhesive wear tests were conducted. Strain-induced nucleation of martensite under external load was confirmed by structural changes and differences in the tribological properties of the coatings and overlays were attributed to the particular conditions of their formation.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC2014, Thermal Spray 2014: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 836-841, May 21–23, 2014,
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A multiscale model is being built in order to better understand and predict high-temperature corrosion and erosion properties of thermal spray coatings and materials in general. The approach uses molecular dynamics to predict diffusion kinetics, constrained free energy to determine reactions, and FEA to simulate structure. To obtain oxidation behavior data for validation, surface polished bulk materials and thermal spray coatings were exposed to various temperatures and exposure times. Oxidation depth and diffusion were assessed by optical emission spectroscopy and cross-sectional SEM examination and surface oxidation in grain and lamellae boundaries was characterized by 3D profilometry and SEM-EDS. Rough validation of the model was achieved using indentation test data, and a more complete validation will be done when high-temperature erosion test results are available.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC2012, Thermal Spray 2012: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 485-487, May 21–24, 2012,
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The thermal cycle test of Al 2 O 3 sprayed 1%Cr-0.5%Mo steel and 18%Cr-8%Ni steel was performed, and the failure type of thermally sprayed coating on both steels was compared. The results obtained are follows. (1)The thermal cycle fatigue life of thermal sprayed 1%Cr- 0.5%Mo steel was shorter than that of thermal sprayed 18%Cr-8%Ni steel. (2)In the case of thermally sprayed 18%Cr-8%Ni steel that is difficult to oxidize at high temperature, during thermal cycle, a tensile stress occurs in a sprayed coating and a compressive stress occurs in a substrate. Thus the thermal strain occurs at the interface of sprayed coating and substrate. The sprayed coating delaminates when the thermal cycles reach the limit value. (3)In the case of thermal sprayed 1%Cr-0.5%Mo steel that is easy to oxidize at high temperature, during thermally cycle, dense oxide film forms at the interface between the sprayed coating and substrate, and adhesive strength in the interface becomes low. Thus the sprayed coating delaminates under the lower thermal strain.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2009, Thermal Spray 2009: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 648-652, May 4–7, 2009,
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The aim of this investigation is to show that it is possible to inject powder into a wire arc spray process as an alternative to using cored wire to produce particle-reinforced coatings. The equipment, materials, and procedures used are described in the paper along with the microstructure and properties of the coatings obtained. By changing the feedrate of CrC particles injected into a stream of chromium steel droplets, particle-reinforced graded layers were produced by wire arc spraying on the fly without having to stop the process.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2007, Thermal Spray 2007: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 319-323, May 14–16, 2007,
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Nowadays wire arc spraying of chromium steel has gained an important market share for corrosion and wear protection applications. In order to optimize the process parameters and to evaluate the effect of the spray parameters DoE based experiments have been carried out as well. In this paper, the effects of the process parameters of spray current, voltage and atomizing gas pressure on the particle jet properties of mean particle velocity and mean particle temperature as well as plume width are presented. To monitor these values the AccuraSpray system was used. The properties of the coatings with regard to morphology, composition and phase formation are included as well. These investigations are part of the development of new power supplies and the enhancement of spray parameter range. As a result of these experiments the spray parameters can be adjusted according to the requirements of the chromium steel coatings.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC 2003, Thermal Spray 2003: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 149-152, May 5–8, 2003,
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Anilox rolls are ink-metering rolls used in the printing industry to transfer an exact amount of ink to the printing cylinder. The importance of high quality anilox rolls has increased with the demand for higher quality printing. Improvements of the characteristics of anilox rolls have been achieved mainly by using laser-engraved, ceramic-coated rolls rather than the common chrome-plated and mechanically engraved rolls. The best results concerning the ceramic coating of anilox rolls were achieved by Cr 2 O 3 coatings. These coatings require a bond coat for good corrosion resistance. By far the most-used technology to produce this bond coat is high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying using NiCr material. In order to lower the cost of the anilox roll coating it has been investigated if NiCr can be replaced by the chromium steel 316L as bondcoat material. 316L was applied to the surface by HVOF. The characteristics of 316L / Cr 2 O 3 layers were compared with respect to the required quality of the coating. The results were 316L / Cr 2 O 3 coatings with good mechanical characteristics compared to NiCr / Cr 2 O 3 layers. In particular, the metallographic sections showed compact coatings having a tensile adhesive strength slightly higher than and a corrosion resistance similar to the coatings with a NiCr bond coat.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC2000, Thermal Spray 2000: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1331-1334, May 8–11, 2000,
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Lock-in thermography is a nondestructive inspection method based on modulated heat transport in combination with infrared imaging. Measurement times are relatively short, about 3 or 4 minutes, and the method is amenable to inspecting a wide range of large and small parts. This paper describes the basic principle behind the method and its application to different thermal sprayed coatings (e.g., Cr-steel, Al2O3). It explains how the test samples were prepared with artificial defects simulating delaminations, inclusions, and other types of imperfections and how the method performed in each case.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC1998, Thermal Spray 1998: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 1333-1336, May 25–29, 1998,
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In the article the results of set of experiments concerning the changes in microstructure of plasma sprayed Al 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 and W 2 C coatings of tribological test pieces obtained with use of locally applied laser beam treatment are given and discussed. The improvement of sprayed on coating layer adhesion to the steel base was ascertained and evaluated. The possibilities of the application of the described technology for development and production of slide elements of tribological joints are noticed.
Proceedings Papers
ITSC1998, Thermal Spray 1998: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 751-755, May 25–29, 1998,
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Results of macro- and microhardness investigations of newly developed coatings are presented in this paper. The coatings were produced with flame- and arc spraying technique. The coating structure and hardness is significantly influenced by the spraying method and spraying parameters. It will be shown that properties for flame sprayed coatings are more effected by parameter variations than for arc sprayed coatings. A higher hardness, a greater density and a better particle cohesion can be obtained by using the arc spraying method.