Velocity Measurement of Sprayed Particles and Coatings Fabrication of Titanium Alloys by High-Pressure Warm Spray

This study investigates particle velocities achieved by high-pressure warm spraying. Commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V powders were deposited on different substrates while varying spray parameters to determine their effect on particle velocity and coating quality. Particle image velocimetry was used to measure particle velocity, which peaked at 1,000 m/s. Coatings obtained under optimized conditions were characterized based on porosity, oxygen content, and hardness. The results show that the increased velocity of high-pressure warm spraying has significant beneficial effects in terms of improving density and controlling porosity and oxygen content.