Abstract
Numerical simulations focused on the impacting behavior of cold-sprayed particles are usually conducted with the Lagrangian method. However, the calculated output is much dependent on the mesh size due to the mesh distortion and/or the element-averaged variables in simulations. While the Eulerian method is attractive to overcome the mesh distortion. In this study, an investigation on the impacting behavior of cold-sprayed particles using the Eulerian formulation available in ABAQUS/Explicit was conducted with typical copper material. The results show that a jet can not be formed at the impacting velocities of 200-300m/s, but a continuous and smooth jet composed of the particle and substrate materials can be formed as the impacting velocity is in the extent of about 300-400 m/s which could be a theoretical value of the critical velocity for a successful bonding. At this velocity extent, the maximum PEEQ almost keeps unchanged accompanying with a temperature fluctuation. In addition, the jet presents discontinuous and the splashing causes the loss of material as the impacting velocity exceeds this velocity extent. Therefore, this model could be also used to predict the critical velocity of other materials besides the copper.
