This study investigates the effect of vapor blanket duration in quenching oil on the mechanical properties and distortion of JIS-S45C carbon steel and JIS-SCM435 low-alloy steel. Four types of heat treatment oils with varying vapor blanket stage lengths were tested on key-grooved cylindrical specimens. Results indicate that quenching oils with longer vapor blanket durations produced smaller distortions, while oils with shorter durations caused larger distortions.

This study investigates the interaction between tempering processes and the formation of tempering transformation induced plasticity (T-TRIP) in 50CrMo4 steel during laser heat treatment. Various configurations, including single and double laser treatments, were examined along with different initial material states and heat treatment parameters.

This work serves to expand upon the fundamental idea of high convection quenching (HCQ), examining alternative methods to destabilize vapor barrier formation in liquid quenchants. Namely, ultrasound in combination with a brine solution is applied to realize fast yet controllable quenching conditions.

While researchers have attempted to characterize heat transfer coefficients in spray quenching standard immersion probes, the high surface heat transfer creates steep thermal gradients that cause measurement lag and underestimate coefficients. These inaccurate measurements significantly impact predictions of microstructure, dimensions, and residual stress distribution. This study examines thermal gradients across different probe diameters and materials to determine optimal probe geometry for accurate heat transfer coefficient measurement and calculation.

In this study, a single-sided carburized Almen strip made of Pyrowear 675 is used to investigate the effect of phase transformations on quench hardening distortion. Computer modeling is used to analyze the collected experimental data and demonstrate the underlying principles of distortions and residual stress.

In this work, we report the evolution of heat extraction from probes of three different geometries: flat-end, conical-end and hemispherical-end cylinders, characterized through video-recordings and cooling curves.